journal article·2026-03

Hybrid Pellet–Filament Co-extrusion for Customizing Flexibility and Strength in 3D-Printed Parts

Krishnanand, Mohammad Taufik

Publisher page

Abstract

No abstract is available for this record. The assistant can identify its topic from the title, but cannot infer the study’s results.

Source: Not provided · Quality: missing

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies · Polymer Foaming and Composites · 3D Printing in Biomedical Research

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (49)

Show source-provided references
1. Zhou L, Miller J, Vezza J, Mayster M, Raffay M, Justice Q, Al Tamimi Z, Hansotte G, Sunkara LD, Bernat J (2024) Additive manufacturing: a comprehensive review. Sensors. https://doi.org/10.3390/s2409266810.3390/s24092668 ↗
2. Goh GD, Wong KK, Tan N, Seet HL, Nai MLS (2024) Large-format additive manufacturing of polymers: a review of fabrication processes, materials, and design. Virtual Phys Prototyp. https://doi.org/10.1080/17452759.2024.233616010.1080/17452759.2024.2336160 ↗
3. Srivastava M, Rathee S (2022) Additive manufacturing: recent trends, applications and future outlooks. Prog Addit Manuf. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-021-00229-810.1007/s40964-021-00229-8 ↗
4. Top N, Sahin I, Mangla SK, Sezer MD, Kazancoglu Y (2023) Towards sustainable production for transition to additive manufacturing: a case study in the manufacturing industry. Int J Prod Res 61(13):4450–4471. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2022.215289510.1080/00207543.2022.2152895 ↗
5. Das A, Bryant JS, Williams CB, Bortner MJ (2023) Melt-based additive manufacturing of polyolefins using material extrusion and powder bed fusion. Polym Rev 63(4):895–960. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2023.222002410.1080/15583724.2023.2220024 ↗
6. Lalegani Dezaki M, Mohd Ariffin MKA, Hatami S (2021) An overview of fused deposition modelling (FDM): research, development and process optimisation. Rapid Prototyp J 27(3):562–582. https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-08-2019-023010.1108/RPJ-08-2019-0230 ↗
7. Gibson I, Rosen DW, Stucker B (2010) Additive manufacturing technologies: rapid prototyping to direct digital manufacturing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1120-910.1007/978-1-4419-1120-9 ↗
8. Al Noman A, Kumar BK, Dickens T (2023) Field assisted additive manufacturing for polymers and metals: materials and methods. Virtual Phys Prototyp. https://doi.org/10.1080/17452759.2023.225670710.1080/17452759.2023.2256707 ↗
9. Kumar N, Jain PK, Tandon P, Pandey PM (2018) Extrusion-based additive manufacturing process for producing flexible parts. J Braz Soc Mech Sci Eng 40(3):1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-018-1068-x10.1007/s40430-018-1068-x ↗
10. Turner BN, Strong R, Gold SA (2014) A review of melt extrusion additive manufacturing processes: I. Process design and modeling. Rapid Prototyp J. https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-01-2013-001210.1108/RPJ-01-2013-0012 ↗
11. Shaqour B, Samaro A, Verleije B, Beyers K, Vervaet C, Cos P (2020) Production of drug delivery systems using fused filament fabrication: a systematic review. Pharmaceutics 12(6):1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics1206051710.3390/pharmaceutics12060517 ↗
12. Xiao J, Gao Y (2017) The manufacture of 3D printing of medical grade TPU. Prog Addit Manuf 2(3):117–123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-017-0023-110.1007/s40964-017-0023-1 ↗
13. An J, Leong KF (2023) Multi-material and multi-dimensional 3D printing for biomedical materials and devices. Biomed Mater Dev 1:38–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44174-022-00038-910.1007/s44174-022-00038-9 ↗
14. Vakharia VS, Leonard H, Singh M, Halbig MC (2023) Multi-material additive manufacturing of high temperature polyetherimide (PEI)–based polymer systems for lightweight aerospace applications. Polymers 15(3):561. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym1503056110.3390/polym15030561 ↗
15. Barile G, Esposito P, Stornelli V, Ferri G (2023) Development and analysis of a multimaterial FDM 3D printed capacitive accelerometer. IEEE Access 11:40175–40181. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.324673110.1109/ACCESS.2023.3246731 ↗
16. Adil S, Lazoglu I (2023) A review on additive manufacturing of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers: current methods, materials, mechanical properties, applications and challenges. J Appl Polym Sci. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.5347610.1002/app.53476 ↗
17. Vinod A, Tengsuthiwat J, Vijay R, Sanjay MR, Siengchin S (2024) Advancing additive manufacturing: 3D-printing of hybrid natural fiber sandwich (Nona/Soy-PLA) composites through filament extrusion and its effect on thermomechanical properties. Polym Compos 45(9):7767–7789. https://doi.org/10.1002/PC.2830210.1002/PC.28302 ↗
18. Li F, Macdonald NP, Guijt RM, Breadmore MC (2019) Increasing the functionalities of 3D printed microchemical devices by single material, multimaterial, and print-pause-print 3D printing. Lab Chip. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8lc00826d10.1039/c8lc00826d ↗
19. Pandey AM, Kapil S, Das M (2024) Experimental investigation of localized electrochemical deposition-based micro-additive manufacturing process. Mater Manuf Process 39(3):343–355. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2023.219038310.1080/10426914.2023.2190383 ↗
20. Nazir A, Gokcekaya O, Md Masum Billah K, Ertugrul O, Jiang J, Sun J, Hussain S (2023) Multi-material additive manufacturing: a systematic review of design, properties, applications, challenges, and 3D printing of materials and cellular metamaterials. Mater Des. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2023.11166110.1016/j.matdes.2023.111661 ↗
21. García-Collado A, Blanco JM, Gupta MK, Dorado-Vicente R (2022) Advances in polymers based multi-material additive-manufacturing techniques: state-of-art review on properties and applications. Addit Manuf 50:102577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2021.10257710.1016/j.addma.2021.102577 ↗
22. Verma A, Kapil A, Klobčar D, Sharma A (2023) A review on multiplicity in multi-material additive manufacturing: process, capability, scale, and structure. Materials 16(15):5246. https://doi.org/10.3390/MA1615524610.3390/MA16155246 ↗
23. Wang X, Jiang M, Zhou Z, Gou J, Hui D (2017) 3D printing of polymer matrix composites: a review and prospective. Compos Part B Eng 110:442–458. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COMPOSITESB.2016.11.03410.1016/J.COMPOSITESB.2016.11.034 ↗
24. Ben Said L, Ayadi B, Alharbi S, Dammak F (2025) Recent advances in additive manufacturing: a review of current developments and future directions. Machines 13(9):813. https://doi.org/10.3390/MACHINES1309081310.3390/MACHINES13090813 ↗
25. Karaş B, Smith PJ, Fairclough JPA, Mumtaz K (2022) Additive manufacturing of high density carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites. Addit Manuf 58:103044. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDMA.2022.10304410.1016/J.ADDMA.2022.103044 ↗
26. Dong G, Keong K, Qi W, Gobi R, Yee W, Ling M, Nai S (2025) Exploring PLA/TPU blends in pellet-based printing for multifunctional applications: blending and interfacial properties. Mater Sci Eng R Rep 164:100981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2025.10098110.1016/j.mser.2025.100981 ↗
27. Zu R, Chen W, Huang Y, Chen Y, Du C, Fan Q, Li H, Liu H (2025) Tailor-made 3D printing TPU/PLA composites for damping and energy absorption. Mater Des 252:113752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2025.11375210.1016/j.matdes.2025.113752 ↗
28. Kim T, Kim S, Kim T, Kim S (2025) Hot-end co-extrusion of multiple thermoplastic filaments for unblended composite additive manufacturing composite additive manufacturing. Virtual Phys Prototyp 20(1):1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/17452759.2025.252679710.1080/17452759.2025.2526797 ↗
29. Ahn S, Lee H, Cho K (2024) 3D printing with a 3D printed digital material filament for programming functional gradients. Nat Commun 15:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47480-510.1038/s41467-024-47480-5 ↗
30. Hunde BR, Woldeyohannes AD (2023) 3D printing and solar cell fabrication methods: a review of challenges, opportunities, and future prospects. Results Opt 11:100385. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.RIO.2023.10038510.1016/J.RIO.2023.100385 ↗
31. Khan I, Barsoum I, Abas M, Al Rashid A, Koç M, Tariq M (2024) A review of extrusion-based additive manufacturing of multi-materials-based polymeric laminated structures. Compos Struct 349–350:118490. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COMPSTRUCT.2024.11849010.1016/J.COMPSTRUCT.2024.118490 ↗
32. Abu M, Khondoker H (2019) Development of a multi-material extruder system to 3D print hard thermoplastics, Soft Elastomers and Liquid Metals
33. Abilgaziyev A, Kulzhan T, Raissov N, Ali MH, Match WLKO, Mir-Nasiri N (2015) Design and development of multi-nozzle extrusion system for 3D printer. In: 2015 4th international conference on informatics, electronics and vision, ICIEV 2015; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIEV.2015.733398210.1109/ICIEV.2015.7333982 ↗
34. Espalin D, Ramirez JA, Medina F, Wicker R (2014) Multi-material, multi-technology FDM: exploring build process variations. Rapid Prototyp J 20(3):236–244. https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-12-2012-011210.1108/RPJ-12-2012-0112 ↗
35. Rafiee M, Farahani RD, Therriault D (2020) Multi-material 3D and 4D printing: a survey. Adv Sci 7(12):1–26. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.20190230710.1002/advs.201902307 ↗
36. Boulaala M, Elmessaoudi D, Buj-Corral I, El Mesbahi J, Ezbakhe O, Astito A, El Mrabet M, El Mesbahi A (2020) Towards design of mechanical part and electronic control of multi-material/multicolor fused deposition modeling 3D printing. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 110(1–2):45–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-05847-010.1007/s00170-020-05847-0 ↗
37. Yin J, Lu C, Fu J, Huang Y, Zheng Y (2018) Interfacial bonding during multi-material fused deposition modeling (FDM) process due to inter-molecular diffusion. Mater Des 150:104–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2018.04.02910.1016/j.matdes.2018.04.029 ↗
38. Kwon N, Deshpande H, Hasan MK, Darnal A, Kim J (2021) Multi-Ttach: techniques to enhance multi-material attachments in low-cost FDM 3D printing. In: Symposium on computational fabrication, ACM, New York, pp 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1145/3485114.348511610.1145/3485114.3485116 ↗
39. Lopes LR, Silva AF, Carneiro OS (2018) Multi-material 3D printing: the relevance of materials affinity on the boundary interface performance. Addit Manuf 23(June):45–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2018.06.02710.1016/j.addma.2018.06.027 ↗
40. Delia S, Rochman A, Curmi A (2024) Factors affecting interface bonding in multi-material additive manufacturing. Prog Addit Manuf 9(5):1365–1379. https://doi.org/10.1007/S40964-024-00617-W/FIGURES/1710.1007/S40964-024-00617-W/FIGURES/17 ↗
41. Al-Tamimi AA, Tlija M, Abidi MH, Anis A, Abd Elgawad AEE (2023) Material extrusion of multi-polymer structures utilizing design and shrinkage behaviors: a design of experiment study. Polymers 15(12):2683. https://doi.org/10.3390/POLYM1512268310.3390/POLYM15122683 ↗
42. Smorawska J, Włoch M, Głowińska E (2023) Structure–property relationship and multiple processing studies of novel bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers. Materials 16(18):6246. https://doi.org/10.3390/MA1618624610.3390/MA16186246 ↗
43. Wang X, Luo X, Wang X (2005) Study on blends of thermoplastic polyurethane and aliphatic polyester: morphology, rheology, and properties as moisture vapor permeable films. Polym Test 24(1):18–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.POLYMERTESTING.2004.08.00310.1016/J.POLYMERTESTING.2004.08.003 ↗
44. Krueger L, Miles JA, Popat A (2022) 3D printing hybrid materials using fused deposition modelling for solid oral dosage forms. J Control Release 351:444–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCONREL.2022.09.03210.1016/J.JCONREL.2022.09.032 ↗
45. Abdella S, Youssef SH, Afinjuomo F, Song Y, Fouladian P, Upton R, Garg S (2021) 3D printing of thermo-sensitive drugs. Pharmaceutics 13(9):1524. https://doi.org/10.3390/PHARMACEUTICS1309152410.3390/PHARMACEUTICS13091524 ↗
46. Woodfield TBF, Malda J, De Wijn J, Péters F, Riesle J, Van Blitterswijk CA (2004) Design of porous scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering using a three-dimensional fiber-deposition technique. Biomaterials 25(18):4149–4161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.10.05610.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.10.056 ↗
47. Darling C, Smith DA (2021) Syringe pump extruder and curing system for 3D printing of photopolymers. HardwareX 9:e00175. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.OHX.2021.E0017510.1016/J.OHX.2021.E00175 ↗
48. Darwish LR, El-Wakad MT, Farag MM (2021) Towards an ultra-affordable three-dimensional bioprinter: a heated inductive-enabled syringe pump extrusion multifunction module for open-source fused deposition modeling three-dimensional printers. J Manuf Sci Eng Trans ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4050824/110690510.1115/1.4050824/1106905 ↗
49. Yu KY, Jeong WJ, Lee IH (2025) Heated syringe extrusion for soft gripper fabrication in additive manufacturing. Int J Precis Eng Manuf-Smart Technol 3(1):59–64. https://doi.org/10.57062/IJPEM-ST.2024.0020610.57062/IJPEM-ST.2024.00206 ↗