Advancements in Oral Maxillofacial Surgery: A Comprehensive Review on 3D Printing and Virtual Surgical Planning
Source abstract
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the advancements in Orthognathic and Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, focusing on the integration of 3D Printing and Virtual Surgical Planning (VSP). Traditional surgical methods, while effective, come with inherent risks and complications, and can lead to variability in outcomes due to the reliance on the surgeon’s skill and experience. The shift towards patient-centric care necessitates personalized surgical methods, which can be achieved through advanced technology. The amalgamation of 3D printing and VSP revolutionizes surgical planning and implementation by providing tactile 3D models for visualization and planning, and accurately designed surgical guides for execution. This convergence of digital planning and physical modeling facilitates a more predictable, personalized, and precise surgical process. However, the adoption of these technologies presents challenges, including the need for extensive software training and the steep learning curve associated with computer-aided design programs. Despite these challenges, the integration of 3D printing and VSP paves the way for advanced patient care in orthognathic and oral maxillofacial surgery.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Anatomy and Medical Technology · Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes · Facial Trauma and Fracture Management
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bestian Dental Clinics, Seoul 06218, Republic of Korea
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 28644, Republic of Korea
Biomedical, Surgical and Oral Sciences Department, Maxillofacial and Dental Unit, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
References (82)
Show source-provided references
1. Accelerated orthodontic tooth movement: Surgical techniques and the regional acceleratory phenomenon10.1186/s40902-021-00331-5 ↗
2. Evaluation of postoperative changes in condylar positions after orthognathic surgery using balanced orthognathic surgery system10.1186/s40902-022-00341-x ↗
3. Hartmann, A., Schmohl, J., Cascant Ortolano, L., Bayer, O., Schweizer, S., Welte-Jzyk, C., Al-Nawas, B., and Daubländer, M. (2022). Therapy of neurophysiological changes after oral and maxillofacial surgery—A systematic review. Appl. Sci., 12.10.3390/app12031507 ↗
4. Virtual reality in preoperative imaging in maxillofacial surgery: Implementation of “the next level”?10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.02.014 ↗
5. A safe, stable, and convenient three-dimensional device for high Le Fort I osteotomy10.1186/s40902-020-00276-1 ↗
6. Comparison of time and cost between conventional surgical planning and virtual surgical planning in orthognathic surgery in Korea10.1186/s40902-021-00305-7 ↗
7. Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy in a Jehovah’s Witness patient: Strategies for minimizing blood loss and maximizing safety10.1186/s40902-022-00338-6 ↗
8. Retrospective examination of complications observed in orthognathic surgical surgery in 85 patients
9. Accuracy of virtual planning in orthognathic surgery: A systematic review10.1186/s13005-020-00250-2 ↗
10. Customized virtual surgical planning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: A prospective randomized trial10.1007/s00784-018-2732-3 ↗
11. A bibliometric analysis of the most cited articles in geriatric anesthesia10.31086/tjgeri.2020.178 ↗
12. Can computer-assisted implant surgery improve clinical outcomes and reduce the frequency and intensity of complications in implant dentistry? A critical review10.1111/prd.12458 ↗
13. Current trends in three-dimensional visualization and real-time navigation as well as robot-assisted technologies in hepatobiliary surgery10.4240/wjgs.v13.i9.904 ↗
14. Planning and scheduling in healthcare for better care coordination: Current understanding, trending topics, and future opportunities10.1111/poms.13867 ↗
15. Current and future applications of virtual, augmented, and mixed reality in cardiothoracic surgery10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.11.030 ↗
16. Current and emerging trends in polymeric 3D printed microfluidic devices
17. A comprehensive review of emerging additive manufacturing (3D printing technology): Methods, materials, applications, challenges, trends and future potential10.1016/j.matpr.2021.11.059 ↗
18. Projection micro stereolithography based 3D printing and its applications10.1088/2631-7990/ab8d9a ↗
19. Use of biomaterials for 3D printing by fused deposition modeling technique: A review10.3389/fchem.2020.00315 ↗
20. 3D printing: Principles and pharmaceutical applications of selective laser sintering10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119594 ↗
21. Dod, G., Jibhakate, R., and Walke, P. A review on 3D printing maxillofacial surgery: Present work and future prospects. Mater. Today Proc., 2023. in press.10.1016/j.matpr.2023.06.049 ↗
22. Additive manufacturing techniques in manufacturing—An overview10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.642 ↗
23. Comparison of presurgical dental models manufactured with two different three-dimensional printing techniques10.1155/2020/8893338 ↗
24. Guided “sandwich” technique: A novel surgical approach for safe osteotomies in the treatment of vertical bone defects in the posterior atrophic mandible: A case report10.1097/ID.0000000000000062 ↗
25. Additive manufacturing of bone scaffolds10.18063/ijb.v5i1.148 ↗
26. Additive manufacturing (3D printing): A review of materials, methods, applications and challenges10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.02.012 ↗
27. 3D printing and nanotechnology: A multiscale alliance in personalized medicine10.1002/adfm.202009691 ↗
28. Capturing patient anatomy for designing and manufacturing personalized prostheses10.1016/j.copbio.2021.09.004 ↗
29. The role of 3D printing in medical applications: A state of the art10.1155/2019/5340616 ↗
30. Development of a multi-material 3D printer for functional anatomic models10.18063/ijb.v7i4.420 ↗
31. Mandibular reconstruction using a customized three-dimensional titanium implant applied on the lingual surface of the mandible10.1097/SCS.0000000000004119 ↗
32. A new model of customized maxillary guide for orthognathic surgery: Precision analysis10.1016/j.jcms.2020.10.007 ↗
33. Seok, J., Yoon, S., Ryu, C.H., Kim, S.K., Ryu, J., and Jung, Y.S. (2021). A personalized 3D-printed model for obtaining informed consent process for thyroid surgery: A randomized clinical study using a deep learning approach with mesh-type 3D modeling. J. Pers. Med., 11.10.3390/jpm11060574 ↗
34. Short and long-term outcomes of three-dimensional printed surgical guides and virtual surgical planning versus conventional methods for fibula free flap reconstruction of the mandible: Decreased nonunion and complication rates10.1002/hed.26688 ↗
35. Singh, A.K., Khanal, N., Chaulagain, R., Sharma, N., and Thieringer, F.M. (2023). Is the pre-shaping of an orbital implant on a patient-specific 3D-printed model advantageous compared to conventional free-hand shaping? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Clin. Med., 12.10.3390/jcm12103426 ↗
36. Orthognathic patient perception of 3D facial soft tissue prediction planning10.1016/j.jcms.2021.03.009 ↗
37. Three-dimensional analysis and surgical planning in craniomaxillofacial surgery10.1016/j.joms.2015.04.038 ↗
38. Temporomandibular joint reconstruction with alloplastic prosthesis: The outcomes of four cases10.1186/s40902-017-0103-7 ↗
39. A prospective multicenter study to compare the precision of posttraumatic internal orbital reconstruction with standard preformed and individualized orbital implants10.1016/j.jcms.2016.07.014 ↗
40. Surgical reconstruction of maxillary and mandibular defects using a printed titanium mesh10.1016/j.joms.2015.02.025 ↗
41. Influence of electron beam melting manufactured implants on ingrowth and shear strength in an ovine model10.1016/j.arth.2012.02.025 ↗
42. Fistulae after successful free tissue transfer to head and neck: Its prevention and treatment10.1016/j.cps.2016.05.010 ↗
43. Fibular flap for mandible reconstruction in osteoradionecrosis of the jaw: Selection criteria of fibula flap10.1186/s40902-016-0093-x ↗
44. Computer-assisted designed and manufactured procedures facilitate the lingual application of mandible reconstruction plates10.1016/j.joms.2016.03.015 ↗
45. Fatigue testing of electron beam-melted Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy for dental implants10.1002/jbm.b.32825 ↗
46. Tilton, M., Lewis, G.S., Hast, M.W., Fox, E., and Manogharan, G. (2021). Additively manufactured patient-specific prosthesis for tumor reconstruction: Design, process, and properties. PLoS ONE, 16.10.1371/journal.pone.0253786 ↗
47. Barbur, I., Opris, H., Crisan, B., Cuc, S., Colosi, H.A., Baciut, M., Opris, D., Prodan, D., Moldovan, M., and Crisan, L. (2023). Statistical comparison of the mechanical properties of 3D-printed resin through triple-jetting technology and conventional PMMA in orthodontic occlusal splint manufacturing. Biomedicines, 11.10.3390/biomedicines11082155 ↗
48. Moiduddin, K., Mian, S.H., Elseufy, S.M., Alkhalefah, H., Ramalingam, S., and Sayeed, A. (2023). Polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and its 3D-printed quantitate assessment in cranial reconstruction. J. Funct. Biomater., 14.10.3390/jfb14080429 ↗
49. Clinical usefulness of mandibular reconstruction using custom-made titanium mesh tray and autogenous particulate cancellous bone and marrow harvested from tibia and/or ilia10.1097/SCS.0000000000002472 ↗
50. Accurate reconstruction of discontinuous mandible using a reverse engineering/computer-aided design/rapid prototyping technique: A preliminary clinical study10.1016/j.joms.2009.09.033 ↗
51. Simultaneous bimaxillary surgery and mandibular reconstruction with a 3-dimensional printed titanium implant fabricated by electron beam melting: A preliminary mechanical testing of the printed mandible10.1016/j.joms.2016.02.031 ↗
52. Virtual surgical planning and 3D printing: Methodology and applications in veterinary oromaxillofacial surgery10.3389/fvets.2022.971318 ↗
53. Accuracy of virtual surgical planning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery with mandible first sequence: A retrospective study10.1016/j.jcms.2023.05.015 ↗
54. Effect of maxillary impaction on mandibular surgical accuracy in virtually-planned orthognathic surgery: A retrospective study10.1016/j.jcms.2023.05.014 ↗
55. Accuracy of hard and soft tissue prediction using three-dimensional simulation software in bimaxillary osteotomies: A systematic review10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100802 ↗
56. The impact of machine learning on 2d/3d registration for image-guided interventions: A systematic review and perspective10.3389/frobt.2021.716007 ↗
57. Virtual surgical planning (VSP) in craniomaxillofacial reconstruction10.1016/j.fsc.2022.01.016 ↗
58. A meta-analysis and systematic review comparing the effectiveness of traditional and virtual surgical planning for orthognathic surgery: Based on randomized clinical trials10.1016/j.joms.2020.09.005 ↗
59. Relevance of 3D virtual planning in predicting bony interferences between distal and proximal fragments after sagittal split osteotomy10.1016/j.ijom.2019.12.001 ↗
60. Single stage surgery for contouring the prominent mandibular angle with a broad chin deformity: En-bloc Mandibular Angle-Body-Chin Curved Ostectomy (MABCCO) and Outer Cortex Grinding (OCG)10.1016/j.jcms.2014.03.004 ↗
61. The accuracy of computer image-guided template for mandibular angle ostectomy10.1007/s00266-014-0424-1 ↗
62. CAD/CAM splint based on soft tissue 3D simulation for treatment of facial asymmetry10.1186/s40902-016-0050-8 ↗
63. Genioplasty using a simple CAD/CAM (computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing) surgical guide10.1186/s40902-015-0044-y ↗
64. Intraoral curved ostectomy for prominent mandibular angle by grinding, contiguous drilling, and chiseling10.1097/SCS.0b013e318232a58a ↗
65. Reduction mandibuloplasty for facial aesthetic enhancement in western women—A case report10.14393/BJ-v32n3a2016-32080 ↗
66. Postoperative three-dimensional evaluation of mandibular contouring surgery using computer-assisted simulation planning and a three-dimensional-printed surgical guide10.1097/SCS.0000000000003442 ↗
67. An integrated 3D-driven protocol for surgery first orthognathic approach (SFOA) using virtual surgical planning (VSP)10.1053/j.sodo.2022.11.006 ↗
68. Current trends in craniofacial reconstruction10.1016/j.surge.2022.04.004 ↗
69. Virtual simulation in undergraduate medical education: A scoping review of recent practice10.3389/fmed.2022.855403 ↗
70. Three-dimensional printing in surgery: A review of current surgical applications10.1016/j.jss.2015.06.051 ↗
71. Mixed reality and 3D printed models for planning and execution of face transplantation10.1097/SLA.0000000000003794 ↗
72. Establishing a point-of-care virtual planning and 3D printing program10.1055/s-0042-1754351 ↗
73. Standardized protocol for virtual surgical plan and 3-dimensional surgical template—Assisted single-stage mandible contour surgery10.1097/SAP.0000000000001149 ↗
74. Ostaș, D., Almășan, O., Ileșan, R.R., Andrei, V., Thieringer, F.M., Hedeșiu, M., and Rotar, H. (2022). Point-of-care virtual surgical planning and 3D printing in oral and cranio-maxillofacial surgery: A narrative review. J. Clin. Med., 11.10.3390/jcm11226625 ↗
75. Patel, P., Dhal, K., Gupta, R., Tappa, K., Rybicki, F.J., and Ravi, P. (2023). Medical 3D printing using desktop inverted vat photopolymerization: Background, clinical applications, and challenges. Bioengineering, 10.10.3390/bioengineering10070782 ↗
76. Zoabi, A., Redenski, I., Oren, D., Kasem, A., Zigron, A., Daoud, S., Moskovich, L., Kablan, F., and Srouji, S. (2022). 3D printing and virtual surgical planning in oral and maxillofacial surgery. J. Clin. Med., 11.10.3390/jcm11092385 ↗
77. Surgical accuracy in 3D planned bimaxillary osteotomies: Intraoral scans and plaster casts as digital dentition models10.1016/j.ijom.2021.11.016 ↗
78. Francisco, I., Ribeiro, M.P., Marques, F., Travassos, R., Nunes, C., Pereira, F., Caramelo, F., Paula, A.B., and Vale, F. (2022). Application of three-dimensional digital technology in orthodontics: The state of the art. Biomimetics, 7.10.3390/biomimetics7010023 ↗
79. Point of care virtual surgical planning and 3D printing in facial gender confirmation surgery: A narrative review10.21037/atm-20-6369 ↗
80. Usability of three-dimensional printing in maxillofacial surgery: A narrative review10.2174/18742106-v17-e230508-2023-37 ↗
81. Pamias-Romero, J., Masnou-Pratdesaba, J., Sáez-Barba, M., de-Pablo-García-Cuenca, A., Siurana-Montilva, S., Sala-Cunill, A., Valls-Comamala, V., Pujol-Pina, R., and Bescós-Atín, C. (2022). Personalized surgery service in a tertiary hospital: A method to increase effectiveness, precision, safety and quality in maxillofacial surgery using custom-made 3D prostheses and implants. J. Clin. Med., 11.10.3390/jcm11164791 ↗
82. (2023, August 28). Regulation (EU) 2017/745 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2017 on Medical Devices, Amending Directive 2001/83/EC, Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 and Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 and Repealing Council Directive 90/985/EEC and 93/42/EEC. Available online: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32017R0745.