Promising Cr-Doped ZnO Nanorods for Photocatalytic Degradation Facing Pollution
Source abstract
Abstract
Chromium (Cr)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods with wurtzite hexagonal structure were prepared through a thermal decomposition technique. The concentration effect of the Cr doping on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the ZnO nanorods was established by correlating various measurements: transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and several UV-visible studies. The obtained nanorods were investigated as photocatalysts for the photodegradation process of methyl orange (MO), under UV-vis light illumination. Different weights and time intervals were studied. A 99.8% photodegradation of MO was obtained after 100 min in the presence of 1 wt.% Cr III acetate hydroxide and zinc acetate dehydrate “ZnO-Cr1”. The kinetic rate constant of the reaction was found to be equal to 4.451 × 10−2 min−1 via a pseudo-first order rate model. Scavenger radicals demonstrated the domination of OH• radicals by those of O2•− superoxide species during the photodegradation. The interstitial oxygen site Oi is proposed to play a key role in the generation of holes in the valence band under visible irradiation. The ZnO-Cr1 photocatalyst displayed good cycling stability and reusability.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: ZnO doping and properties · Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques · TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
Renewable Energy Unit, Energy Department, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Physics Department, College of Sciences, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 551, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
Laboratory of Characterizations, Applications and Modelisation of Materials LR18ES08, Sciences Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis P.O. Box 2092, Tunisia
Funding
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University
References (59)
Show source-provided references
1. Tuning of metal oxides photocatalytic performance using Ag nanoparticles integration10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113588 ↗
2. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO prepared by simple thermal decomposition method at various temperatures10.1016/j.molliq.2012.10.018 ↗
3. Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of rose Bengal
4. Decolorization and mineralization of CI reactive blue 4 and CI reactive red 2 by Fenton oxidation process
5. Dinitrogen photoreduction to ammonia over titanium dioxide powders doped with ferric ions10.1021/j100154a052 ↗
6. The Role of Metal Ion Dopants in Quantum-Sized TiO2: Correlation between Photoreactivity and Charge Carrier Recombination Dynamics10.1021/j100102a038 ↗
7. Enargite Cu3PS4: A Cu–S-Based Thermoelectric Material with a Wurtzite-Derivative Structure10.1002/adfm.202000973 ↗
8. Review of photoluminescence performance of nano-sized semiconductor materials and its relationships with photocatalytic activity10.1016/j.solmat.2005.11.007 ↗
9. Investigation of the growth mechanism of the formation of ZnO nanorods by thermal decomposition of zinc acetate and their field emission properties10.1039/C7CE00073A ↗
10. Synthesis and characterization of ZnO and Ni doped ZnO nanorods by thermal decomposition method for spintronics application10.1016/j.matchar.2012.02.015 ↗
11. Structural and diffuse reflectance characterization of cobalt-doped titanium dioxide nanostructured powder prepared via facile sonochemical hydrolysis technique10.1007/s10904-018-01053-4 ↗
12. Cr-doped ZnO nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, adsorption property, and recyclability10.1021/acsami.5b09366 ↗
13. Removal of the commercial reactive dye Procion Blue MX-7RX from real textile wastewater using the synthesized Fe2O3 nanoparticles at different particle sizes as a source of Fenton’s reagent10.1007/s13762-019-02507-z ↗
14. A two-step continuous synthesis of α-ketoamides and α-amino ketones from 2° benzylic alcohols using hydrogen peroxide as an economic and benign oxidant10.1039/C5RA27653E ↗
15. Synthesis and Study of ZnO Nanoparticles by Polymer Pyrolysis Route Using Two Different Polymerization Initiators10.1007/s10853-016-0218-8 ↗
16. ZnO nanotube-based dye-sensitized solar cell and its application in self-powered devices10.1088/0957-4484/21/40/405203 ↗
17. Enhancement of the intensity ratio of ultraviolet to visible luminescence with increased excitation in ZnO nanoparticles deposited on porous anodic alumina10.1088/0022-3727/46/50/505104 ↗
18. Solar driven photocatalytic properties of Sm3+ doped ZnO nanocrystals10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.04.208 ↗
19. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of nano-sized amorphous TiO2 prepared by facile sonochemical hydrolysis route10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.07.273 ↗
20. Processing and Study of Optical and Electrical Properties of (Mg, Al) Co-Doped ZnO Thin Films Prepared by RF Magnetron Sputtering for Photovoltaic Application10.1016/j.materresbull.2018.10.041 ↗
21. Pre-oxidation of an extremely polluted industrial wastewater by the Fenton’s reagent10.1016/S0304-3894(03)00207-3 ↗
22. Critical Review of rate constants for reactions of hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH/⋅O− in Aqueous Solution
23. Synthesis of ZnO nanowires by thermal decomposition of zinc acetate dihydrate10.1016/j.matchemphys.2008.07.070 ↗
24. Influence of temperature on the photodegradation process using Ag-doped TiO2 nanostructures: Negative impact with the nanofibers10.1016/j.molcata.2012.10.012 ↗
25. Kinetic study of 2-nitrophenol photodegradation on Al-pillared montmorillonite doped with copper10.1039/b102902a ↗
26. ZnO spintronics and nanowire devices10.1007/BF02692541 ↗
27. ZnO nanoparticles prepared by thermal decomposition of β-cyclodextrin coated zinc acetate10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00562-1 ↗
28. Preparation of ZnO Photocatalyst for the Efficient and Rapid Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes10.1186/s11671-017-1904-4 ↗
29. Synthesis of N and La co-doped TiO2/AC photocatalyst by microwave irradiation for the photocatalytic degradation of naphthalene10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.124 ↗
30. Fe-doped SnO2 decorated reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity10.1016/j.materresbull.2016.06.041 ↗
31. Cižmar, T., Kojic, V., Rukavina, M., Brkljacic, L., Salamon, K., Grcic, I., Radetic, L., and Gajovic, A. (2020). Hydrothermal Synthesis of FeOOH and Fe2O3 Modified Self-Organizing Immobilized TiO2 Nanotubes for Photocatalytic Degradation of 1H-Benzotriazole. Catalysts, 10.10.3390/catal10121371 ↗
32. Co2SnO4 nanoparticles as a high performance catalyst for oxidative degradation of rhodamine B dye and pentachlorophenol by activation of peroxymonosulfate10.1039/C6CP08576H ↗
33. Effect of Mn doping on structural, optical and photocatalytic behaviors of hydrothermal Zn 1−x Mn x S nanocrystals10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.06.096 ↗
34. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of Fe doped ZnO nanocrystals under sunlight irradiation10.1016/j.ijleo.2017.01.025 ↗
35. Biogenic synthesis, photocatalytic, and photoelectrochemical performance of Ag–ZnO nanocomposite10.1021/jp410063p ↗
36. Phase formation of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO through decomposition of Zn (OH)2 at various growth temperatures using CBD method10.1016/j.optmat.2015.04.034 ↗
37. Preparation, characterization of Sb-doped ZnO nanocrystals and their excellent solar light driven photocatalytic activity10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.09.158 ↗
38. Milos, J., and Robert, K. (2016). Modern Electron Microscopy in Physical and Life Sciences, Intech Open.
39. Production of acceptor complexes in sol-gel ZnO thin films by Sb doping10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.11.060 ↗
40. Epitaxial growth and properties study of p-type doped ZnO:Sb by PLD10.1016/j.spmi.2021.106908 ↗
41. Atomic structures and electronic properties of Cr-doped ZnO surfaces10.1016/S1872-2067(20)63710-X ↗
42. Structural, optical and magnetic properties of Cr doped ZnO microrods prepared by spray pyrolysis method10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.05.017 ↗
43. Structural and optical properties of Na doped ZnO nanocrystals: Application to solar photocatalysis10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.11.204 ↗
44. Comparative investigation of structural, optical properties and dye-sensitized solar cell applications of ZnO nanostructures10.1166/jnn.2014.8499 ↗
45. Optical properties and dye-sensitized solar cell applications of ZnO nanostructures prepared by microwave combustion synthesis10.1166/jnn.2014.8515 ↗
46. Farha, A.H., Mansour, S.A., and Kotkata, M.F. (2020). Ga-Doped ZnO Nanostructured Powder for Cool-Nanopigment in Environment Applications. Materials, 13.10.3390/ma13225152 ↗
47. Studies of optical properties of ZnO: MgO thin films fabricated by sputtering from home-made stable oversize targets10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.164934 ↗
48. Optical absorption of Co2+ in ZnO10.1103/PhysRevB.15.2493 ↗
49. Effect of annealing on structural and optical properties of zinc oxide thin film deposited by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction technique10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.02.061 ↗
50. Effect of aspect ratio and surface defects on the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanorods10.1038/srep04596 ↗
51. Photocatalytic activity enhancement in doped titanium dioxide by crystal defects10.1039/c2dt12018f ↗
52. Effect of annealing temperature on the properties and photocatalytic efficiencies of ZnO nanoparticles10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.04.236 ↗
53. Violet emission from Fe doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by precipitation method10.1016/j.jlumin.2015.12.047 ↗
54. Formation and properties of ZnO nano-particles from gas phase synthesis processes10.1023/A:1020656620050 ↗
55. The visible luminescent characteristics of ZnO supported on SiO2 powder10.1039/B407913B ↗
56. Macro kinetic studies for photocatalytic degradation of benzoic acid in immobilized systems10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.01.074 ↗
57. Stability of TiO2-coated ZnO photocatalytic thin films for photodegradation of methylene blue10.1116/6.0000306 ↗
58. Facile one-pot green synthesis of Ag–ZnO Nanocomposites using potato peeland their Ag concentration dependent photocatalytic properties10.1038/s41598-020-77426-y ↗
59. Surface photosensitization of ZnO by ZnS to enhance the photodegradation efficiency for organic pollutants10.1007/s42452-021-04643-z ↗