Smart Tags: IoT Sensors for Monitoring the Micro-Climate of Cultural Heritage Monuments
Source abstract
Abstract
The building materials of Cultural Heritage monuments are subjected to continuous degradation throughout the years, mainly due to their exposure to harsh and unexpected weather phenomena related to Climate Change. The specific climatic conditions at their vicinity, especially when there are local peculiarities such as onshore breeze, are of crucial importance for studying the deterioration rate and the identification of proper mitigation actions. Generalized models that are based on climate data can provide an insight on the deterioration but fail to offer a deeper understanding of this phenomenon. To this end, in the context of the EU-funded HYPERION project a distributed smart sensor network will be deployed at the Cultural Heritage monuments in four study areas as the solution to this problem. The developed system, which is demonstrated in this paper, includes smart IoT devices, called Smart Tags, designed to provide environmental measurements close to monuments, a middle-ware to facilitate the communication and a visualization platform where the collected information is presented. Last but not least, special focus is given to the device’s NB-IoT connectivity and its power efficiency by conducting various tests and extract useful conclusions.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Conservation Techniques and Studies · Building materials and conservation · 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Institute of Communication and Computer Systems (ICCS), 15780 Athens, Greece
Funding
European Union’s Horizon 2020
References (22)
Show source-provided references
1. Cassar, M., and Pender, R. (2005, January 12–16). The impact of climate change on cultural heritage: Evidence and response. Proceedings of the ICOM Committee for Conservation: 14th Triennial Meeting, The Hague, The Netherlands.
2. International approaches to climate change and cultural heritage10.1017/aaq.2017.30 ↗
3. Shabani, A., Kioumarsi, M., Plevris, V., and Stamatopoulos, H. (2020). Structural Vulnerability Assessment of Heritage Timber Buildings: A Methodological Proposal. Forests, 11.10.3390/f11080881 ↗
4. HYPERION (2022, February 01). HYPERION EU Projet. Available online: https://www.hyperion-project.eu/.
5. Valery, G., Shigorets, S., Vlasov, D., Miklashevich, E., Zhabko, A., Kovshov, A., and Vlasov, A. (2016). Development of Stone Monuments Monitoring System Using Computer Technology. Biogenic—Abiogenic Interactions in Natural and Anthropogenic Systems, Springer.
6. Experiments on stony monument monitoring by laser-induced fluorescence10.1016/S1296-2074(00)00166-7 ↗
7. Kita, A., Venanzi, I., Cavalagli, N., García-Macías, E., and Ubertini, F. (2020, January 23). Enhanced continuous dynamic monitoring of a complex monumental palace through a larger sensor network. Proceedings of the XI International Conference on Structural Dynamics, Athens, Greece.10.47964/1120.9184.19223 ↗
8. Gentile, C., and Canali, F. (2018). Continuous Monitoring the Cathedral of Milan: Design, Installation and Preliminary Results. Proceedings, 2.10.3390/ICEM18-05354 ↗
9. Lloret, J., Sendra, S., García-Fernández, J., García, L., and Jimenez, J.M. (2021). A WiFi-Based Sensor Network for Flood Irrigation Control in Agriculture. Electronics, 10.10.3390/electronics10202454 ↗
10. Marcu, F., Hodor, N., Indrie, L., Dejeu, P., Ilieș, M., Albu, A., Sandor, M., Sicora, C., Costea, M., and Ilieș, D.C. (2021). Microbiological, Health and Comfort Aspects of Indoor Air Quality in a Romanian Historical Wooden Church. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.10.3390/ijerph18189908 ↗
11. Kain, G., Idam, F., Huber, A., Mudri, M., Petutschnigg, A., and Goldsteiner, M. (2022). Mitigating Harmful Effects of Climate Warming on Ceiling Paintings by Ceiling Insulation: An Evaluation Using Timed IR Imaging and Numeric Modelling. Sustainability, 14.10.3390/su14010308 ↗
12. Singh, M., Rajan, M., Shivraj, V., and Balamuralidhar, P. (2015, January 4–6). Secure MQTT for Internet of Things (IoT). Proceedings of the 2015 Fifth International Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies, Gwalior, India.10.1109/CSNT.2015.16 ↗
13. Liberg, O., Bergman, J., Höglund, A., Khan, T., Medina-Acosta, G.A., Rydén, H., Ratilainen, A., Sandberg, D., Sui, Y., and Tirronen, T. (2019, January 22–25). Narrowband Internet of Things 5G Performance. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 90th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Fall), Honolulu, HI, USA.10.1109/VTCFall.2019.8891588 ↗
14. Matz, A.P., Fernandez-Prieto, J.A., Cañada-Bago, J., and Birkel, U. (2020). A Systematic Analysis of Narrowband IoT Quality of Service. Sensors, 20.10.3390/s20061636 ↗
15. U-Blox (2022, February 01). Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT). Available online: https://www.u-blox.com/en/narrowband-iot-nb-iot.
16. Komarizadehasl, S., Mobaraki, B., Ma, H., Lozano-Galant, J.A., and Turmo, J. (2021). Development of a Low-Cost System for the Accurate Measurement of Structural Vibrations. Sensors, 21.10.3390/s21186191 ↗
17. Wearable Device for Observation of Physical Activity with the Purpose of Patient Monitoring Due to COVID-1910.3390/signals3010002 ↗
18. Maier, A., Sharp, A., and Vagapov, Y. (2017, January 12–15). Comparative analysis and practical implementation of the ESP32 microcontroller module for the internet of things. Proceedings of the 2017 Internet Technologies and Applications (ITA), Wrexham, UK.10.1109/ITECHA.2017.8101926 ↗
19. Sensirion (2022, February 01). Sensirion-SHTC3. Available online: https://www.sensirion.com/fileadmin/user_upload/customers/sensirion/Dokumente/2_Humidity_Sensors/Datasheets/Sensirion_Humidity_Sensors_SHTC3_Datasheet.pdf.
20. SAMYOUNG (2022, February 01). SAMYOUNG-SY-DS-1L. Available online: http://samyoungsnc.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Datasheet-_-SY-DS-1-Series-Ver.1.8-Standard.pdf.
21. Node-RED (2022, February 01). Node-RED: Low-Code Programming for Event-Driven Applications. Available online: https://nodered.org/.
22. Malik, H., Khan, S.Z., Leonel Redondo Sarmiento, J., Kuusik, A., Alam, M.M., Le Moullec, Y., and Pärand, S. (2019, January 24–28). NB-IoT Network Field Trial: Indoor, Outdoor and Underground Coverage Campaign. Proceedings of the 2019 15th International Wireless Communications Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), Tangier, Morocco.10.1109/IWCMC.2019.8766568 ↗