The Dietary Effect of Vitex agnus-castus Hydroalcoholic Extract on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, Carcass Quality, Sex Ratio and Gonad Histology in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Source abstract
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to consider the impact of Vitex agnus-castus hydroalcoholic extract, containing phytoestrogenic compounds on growth indices, sex ratio and histology of gonads of female Zebrafish. Fish larvae (4-day-old after hatching) were nourished with investigational diets (0 (control group T0), 5 g (T1), 10 g (T2) and 15 g (T3) kg−1 food) from first active feeding for 90 days. The results showed that Condition Factor (CF), Food Conversion Rate (FCR), Body Weight Gain (BWG), and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) were affected meaningfully by hydroalcoholic extract of Vitex agnus-castus (p < 0.05). These factors were significantly higher in compare to T3 treatment (p < 0.05). With increasing concentration of the extract in the diet, the ratio of female to male increased Treatment of T3 resulted in 87.23% feminization. Overall, this study suggests the use of T3 treatment achieves the best reproduction performance and a higher percentage of females in zebrafish as a model for aquaculture species. According to the results, the lowest levels of glucose and cholesterol were observed in T3 treatment and showed a significant changes with the control and treatments (p < 0.05).
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies · Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism · Bioactive natural compounds
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Fishery, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran P.O. Box 19395-3697, Iran
Fisheries Department, Faculty of Fisheries and Natural Resources, University of Jiroft, Kerman 7867161167, Iran
Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan P.O. Box 49189-43464, Iran
Inland Water Aquatic Stocks Research Center, Gorgan P.O. Box 49166-87631, Iran
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
References (50)
Show source-provided references
1. Evaluation of ibuprofen toxicity for zebrafish (Danio rerio) targeting on selected biomarkers of oxidative stress
2. Effects of glyphosate on early life stages: Comparison between Cyprinus carpio and Danio rerio10.1007/s11356-017-1141-5 ↗
3. Mucosal immune parameters, immune and antioxidant defence related genes expression and growth performance of zebrafish (Danio rerio) fed on Gracilaria gracilis powder10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.046 ↗
4. The effects of subchronic exposure to NeemAzal T/S on zebrafish (Danio rerio)10.1080/02757540.2017.1420176 ↗
5. Oxidative stress induced by fluoroquinolone enrofloxacin in zebrafish (Danio rerio) can be ameliorated after a prolonged exposure10.1016/j.etap.2019.02.002 ↗
6. The endocrine disruptor screening program developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency10.1023/A:1008972330318 ↗
7. OECD activity on endocrine disrupters test guidelines development10.1023/A:1008992932155 ↗
8. Phytoestrogens derived from red clover: An alternative to estrogen replacement therapy?10.1016/j.jsbmb.2004.12.038 ↗
9. Dietary isoflavones: Biological effects and relevance to human health10.1093/jn/129.3.758S ↗
10. Behavioral changes in fish exposed to phytoestrogens10.1016/j.envpol.2006.02.007 ↗
11. The effects of combined phytoestrogen administration on growth performance, sex differentiation and body composition of sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
12. Can dietary ginger (Zingiber officinale) alter biochemical and immunological parameters and gene expression related to growth, immunity and antioxidant system in zebrafish (Danio rerio)?10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.04.049 ↗
13. Rashidian, G., Bahrami Gorji, S., Farsani, M.N., Prokić, M.D., and Faggio, C. (2018). The oak (Quercus brantii) acorn as a growth promotor for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Growth performance, body composition, liver enzymes activity and blood biochemical parameters. Nat. Prod. Res., 1–11.10.1080/14786419.2018.1538994 ↗
14. Effects of corncob derived xylooligosaccharide on innate immune response, disease resistance, and growth performance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.06.068 ↗
15. Effects of Assam tea extract on growth, skin mucus, serum immunity and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Streptococcus agalactiae10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.077 ↗
16. Phytoestrogens—A short review10.1016/0378-5122(95)00937-G ↗
17. Varner, J., and Bonner, J. (1966). Plant Biochemistry, Academic Press.
18. Hobs, C. (2003). The Women’s Herb, Healthy Living Publications.
19. Medical effect of Vitex agnus-castus
20. Phytochemistry and in vitro pharmacological activities of South African Vitex (Verbenaceae) species10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.004 ↗
21. Supercritical fluid extraction of Vitex agnus-castus fruit10.1016/j.supflu.2008.07.014 ↗
22. Chasteberry
23. Pharmaceutical prospects of phytoestrogens10.1507/endocrj.53.7 ↗
24. Estrogen regulates development of the somatic cell phenotype in the eutherian ovary10.1096/fj.01-0992com ↗
25. Impacts of 17β-estradiol, including environmentally relevant concentrations, on reproduction after exposure during embryo-larval-, juvenile-and adult-life stages in zebrafish (Danio rerio)10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.01.022 ↗
26. Aromatase modulation alters gonadal differentiation in developing zebrafish (Danio rerio)10.1016/j.aquatox.2003.10.008 ↗
27. Gonad development and vitellogenin production in zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to ethinylestradiol and methyltestosterone10.1016/S0166-445X(03)00177-2 ↗
28. Effects of inulin on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) innate immune parameters10.1016/j.fsi.2007.10.002 ↗
29. Growth, food intake regulation and metabolic adaptations in goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to different salinities10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.01.042 ↗
30. Mozaffarian, V. (1996). Encyclopedia of Iranian Plants, Farhang Moaser Publ.
31. The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of vitex on the gestation indices of male rats
32. Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Vitex agnus-castus L.: A Review10.4103/phrev.phrev_22_17 ↗
33. Fawcette, J.K., and Scott, J.E. (1960). Practical Clinical Biochemistry, Academic Publishers.
34. Survival rate and biochemical parameters in Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) larvae fed garlic (Allium sativum L.) extract10.4236/ajmb.2015.51002 ↗
35. Worthington, C.C. (1991). Worthington Enzyme Manual Related Biochemical, American Chemical Society.
36. Effects of red clover extract on growth performance and body composition of African catfish Clarias gariepinus10.1111/j.1444-2906.2005.01006.x ↗
37. Influence of herbal additives on the growth and disease resistance of goldfish, carassius auratus (linnaeus)
38. The effect of using parsley (petroselinum sativum) on growth performance of koi fish (Cyprinus carpio)
39. Vitex agnus-castus10.2165/00002018-200528040-00004 ↗
40. Chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus)–pharmacology and clinical indications10.1078/094471103322004866 ↗
41. Influence of fennel Foeniculum Vulgar extract on fertility, growth rate and histology of Gonads on Guppy Poecilia reticulata10.4194/1303-2712-v15_2_32 ↗
42. Histology and morphology of Ovary of Epinephelus Coiodes in Persian Gulf
43. Ovary maturatıon stages and histological investigation of ovary of the Zebrafish (Danio rerio)10.1590/S1516-89132008000300010 ↗
44. The Histological Effects of Cucurbita pepo, Silybum marianum, Linum usitatissmum, Vitex agnus-castus 17β estradiol on ovarian tissue in three Spot Gorami (Trichogaster trichopterus)
45. Phytoestrogens β-sitosterol and genistein have limited effects on reproductive endpoints in a female fish, Betta splendens10.1155/2014/681396 ↗
46. Effects of environmental contaminants and natural substances on vitellogenesis in tilapia primary hepatocytes10.4194/1303-2712-v11_3_08 ↗
47. Use of ethanol extracts of Garcinia kola as fertility enhancer in female catfish Clarias gariepinus broodstock
48. Zamani, M., Neghab, N., and Torabian, S. (2012). Therapeutic effect of Vitex agnus-castus in patients with premenstrual syndrome. Acta Med. Iran., 101–106.
49. The estrogenic activity of certain phytoestrogens in the Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baeri10.1016/0960-0760(91)90100-J ↗
50. Effect of total isoflavones found in soybean on vitellogenin production in common carp