Impact of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes on the Phase I Metabolism of Drugs
Source abstract
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme family is the major enzyme system catalyzing the phase I metabolism of xenobiotics, including pharmaceuticals and toxic compounds in the environment. A major part of the CYP-dependent xenobiotic metabolism is due to polymorphic and inducible enzymes, which may, quantitatively or qualitatively, alter or enhance drug metabolism and toxicity. Drug–drug interactions are major mechanisms caused by the inhibition and/or induction of CYP enzymes. Particularly, CYP monooxygenases catalyze hydroxylation reactions to form hydroxylated metabolites. The secondary metabolites are sometimes as active as the parent compound, or even more active. The aim of this review is to summarize some of the significative examples of common drugs used for the treatment of diverse diseases and underline the activity and/or toxicity of their metabolites.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism · Chemical Reactions and Isotopes · Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata, 87036 Rende, Italy
Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Research Center on Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
Funding
PRIN (Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale)
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