Extraction of Humic Acid from Lignite by KOH-Hydrothermal Method
Source abstract
Abstract
Humic acid (HA) was extracted by a hydrothermal method from Huolinhe lignite from Inner Mongolia. The effects of the alkali-to-carbon mass ratio, water-to-coal mass ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the HA yield were investigated. The physicochemical characterization of the products was performed, and the reaction mechanism was explored. Raw coal, HA, and residual coal were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–VIS), elemental composition, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and compared to each other. The maximum HA yield (90.2%) was obtained from the 0.250–0.180 mm size fraction of the coal sample at a reaction temperature and time of 190 °C and 7 h. Proximate analysis proved that the ash and sulfur of lignite can be removed by hydrothermal treatment. Elemental analysis showed that the O/C and H/C ratios were highest for HA, followed by those for residual coal and raw coal, indicating an increase in the oxygen and hydrogen content of HA. FTIR and UV–VIS analyses showed that hydrothermal extraction destroyed the macromolecular structure of lignite. Moreover, the organics were degraded and hydrolyzed during the reaction process.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Coal and Its By-products · Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes · Metal Extraction and Bioleaching
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Transformation, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
Funding
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation · Henan Postdoctoral Science Foundation · Foundation for University Key Teacher by Henan Polytechnic University · Doctoral Foundation of Henan Polytechnic University
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