The Removal of Crystal Violet from Textile Wastewater Using Palm Kernel Shell-Derived Biochar
Source abstract
Abstract
In this study, we explored the adsorption potential of biochar derived from palm kernel shell (BC-PKS) as an affordable adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet from wastewater. Kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics studies were carried out to evaluate the adsorption of crystal violet onto BC-PKS. The kinetics adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model, indicating that the rate of adsorption is principally controlled by chemisorption. The adsorption equilibrium data were better fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model with a determination coefficient of 0.954 and a maximum adsorption of 24.45 mg/g. Thermodynamics studies found the adsorption of crystal violet by BC-PKS to be endothermic with increasing randomness at the BC-PKS/crystal violet interface. The percentage removal and adsorption capacity increased with the pH of the solution, as the negative charges on the biochar surface at high pH enhance the electrostatic attraction between crystal violet molecules and BC-PKS. Increasing the BC-PKS dosage from 0.1 to 1.0 g increased percent removal and decreased the adsorption capacity of crystal violet onto BC-PKS. Therefore, biochar from agricultural by-products, i.e., palm kernel shell, can be cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of crystal violet from textile wastewater.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Chemical Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
Department of Bioresources and Rural System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
Funding
National Research Foundation of Korea
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