journal article·2022-01-04Open access

Probiotics in Functional Foods: Survival Assessment and Approaches for Improved Viability

Jeyanthi Palanivelu, Sundaram Thanigaivel, Sundaram Vickram, Nibedita Dey, Dasha Mihaylova, Ivelina Desseva

Applied Sciences· Volume 12· Issue 1

Abstract

Nowadays, food is no longer just for nutrition. Consumers are more demanding and expect to get health benefits from their daily meals. Various areas of the food industry are in great demand of functional chemicals to enhance the taste and nutritional value of their products. Probiotic bacteria have already been part of the human’s routine for good gut microbiota maintenance in terms of pharmaceutical products. Their incorporation in food however is a challenging task that offers great opportunities but has limitations as well. Specifically, the purpose of this review is to emphasize the importance of probiotics in food, to assess their survival through gastrointestinal tract, and to highlight the recent advances in approaches for their improved viability.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Probiotics and Fermented Foods · Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology · Food composition and properties

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600062, India

Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India

Department of Biotechnology, Technological Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Technological Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

References (100+)

Show source-provided references
1. Challenges in exploiting open innovation’s full potential in the food industry with a focus on small and medium enterprises (SMEs)10.1016/j.tifs.2014.05.006 ↗
2. Researcher understanding of food innovations in Nordic and Southern European countries: A systematic literature review10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.008 ↗
3. Food waste management innovations in the foodservice industry10.1016/j.wasman.2018.07.033 ↗
4. Should botanical health claims be substantiated with evidence on traditional use? Reviewing the stakeholders’ arguments10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100232 ↗
5. Dinicola, S., Proietti, S., Cucina, A., Bizzarri, M., and Fuso, A. (2017). Alpha-Lipoic Acid Downregulates IL-1β and IL-6 by DNA Hypermethylation in SK-N-BE Neuroblastoma Cells. Antioxidants, 6.10.3390/antiox6040074 ↗
6. Multifunctional biological activities of water extract of housefly larvae (Musca domestica)10.1016/j.phanu.2017.09.001 ↗
7. Improved Viability and Thermal Stability of the Probiotics Encapsulated in a Novel Electrospun Fiber Mat10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02644 ↗
8. Yoha, K.S., Nida, S., Dutta, S., Moses, J.A., and Anandharamakrishnan, C. (2021). Targeted Delivery of Probiotics: Perspectives on Research and Commercialization. Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins, 1–34.10.1007/s12602-021-09791-7 ↗
9. Galanakis, C.M. (2019). Survival of probiotics in functional foods during shelf life. Food Quality and Shelf Life, Elsevier.
10. Perspectives on Existing and Novel Alternative Intravaginal Probiotic Delivery Methods in the Context of Bacterial Vaginosis Infection10.1208/s12248-021-00602-z ↗
11. Viability improvement of Bifidobacterium animalis Bb12 by encapsulation in chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) hybrid electrospun fiber mats10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116278 ↗
12. A novel route for double-layered encapsulation of probiotics with improved viability under adverse conditions10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125977 ↗
13. Global food security—Issues, challenges and technological solutions10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.002 ↗
14. AGA Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Role of Probiotics in the Management of Gastrointestinal Disorders10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.059 ↗
15. Criteria to Qualify Microorganisms as “Probiotic” in Foods and Dietary Supplements10.3389/fmicb.2020.01662 ↗
16. Introduction of a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) approach for assessment of selected microorganisms referred to EFSA—Opinion of the Scientific Committee10.2903/j.efsa.2007.587 ↗
17. Generally recognized as safe (GRAS): History and description10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.07.004 ↗
18. An overview of microencapsulation in the food industry: Opportunities, challenges, and innovations10.1007/s00217-020-03496-x ↗
19. Grumezescu, A., and Holban, A.M. (2018). Chapter 4—Lactic Acid Bacteria—From Nature Through Food to Health. Handbook of Food Bioengineering, Academic Press.
20. Aspri, M., Papademas, P., and Tsaltas, D. (2020). Review on Non-Dairy Probiotics and Their Use in Non-Dairy Based Products. Fermentation, 6.10.3390/fermentation6010030 ↗
21. Trends in dairy and non-dairy probiotic products—A review10.1007/s13197-015-1795-2 ↗
22. A Review: The Probiotic Bacteria Viability under Different Conditions
23. Enrichment of probiotic ice cream with different dietary fibers: Structural characteristics and culture viability10.3168/jds.2017-13468 ↗
24. Rheological properties of reduced-fat and low-fat ice cream containing whey protein isolate and inulin10.1007/s00217-007-0800-z ↗
25. Piqué, N., Berlanga, M., and Miñana-Galbis, D. (2019). Health Benefits of Heat-Killed (Tyndallized) Probiotics: An Overview. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.10.3390/ijms20102534 ↗
26. Correlation between in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory properties of lactic acid bacteria10.3748/wjg.v13.i2.236 ↗
27. Enhanced antiinflammatory capacity of a Lactobacillus plantarum mutant synthesizing modified teichoic acids10.1073/pnas.0504084102 ↗
28. Speranza, B., Campaniello, D., Petruzzi, L., Altieri, C., Sinigaglia, M., Bevilacqua, A., and Rosaria Corbo, M. (2020). The Inoculation of Probiotics In Vivo Is a Challenge: Strategies to Improve Their Survival, to Avoid Unpleasant Changes, or to Enhance Their Performances in Beverages. Beverages, 6.10.3390/beverages6020020 ↗
29. Microencapsulation of Probiotic Cells for Food Applications10.1080/10408398.2010.499801 ↗
30. Progress in microencapsulation of probiotics: A review10.1111/1541-4337.12532 ↗
31. Malmo, C., Giordano, I., and Mauriello, G. (2021). Effect of Microencapsulation on Survival at Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions and Heat Treatment of a Non Probiotic Strain, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 48M, and the Probiotic Strain Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938. Foods, 10.10.3390/foods10020217 ↗
32. Probiotic bacteria in fermented foods: Product characteristics and starter organisms10.1093/ajcn/73.2.374s ↗
33. Abenavoli, L., Scarpellini, E., Colica, C., Boccuto, L., Salehi, B., Sharifi-Rad, J., Aiello, V., Romano, B., De Lorenzo, A., and Izzo, A.A. (2019). Gut Microbiota and Obesity: A Role for Probiotics. Nutrients, 11.10.3390/nu11112690 ↗
34. Probiotic fermentation of plant based products: Possibilities and opportunities10.1080/10408398.2010.499779 ↗
35. Siciliano, R.A., Reale, A., Mazzeo, M.F., Morandi, S., Silvetti, T., and Brasca, M. (2021). Paraprobiotics: A New Perspective for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals. Nutrients, 13.10.3390/nu13041225 ↗
36. Properties of probiotics and encapsulated probiotics in food10.17306/J.AFS.2014.4.8 ↗
37. Chilled milk-based desserts as emerging probiotic and prebiotic products10.1080/10408398.2011.605230 ↗
39. How to select a probiotic? A review and update of methods and criteria10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.09.003 ↗
40. Probiotic bacteria: Selective enumeration and survival in dairy foods10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)74953-8 ↗
41. Probiotics and antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children: A review and new evidence on Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG during and after antibiotic treatment10.1016/j.phrs.2017.08.001 ↗
42. Probiotics for the prevention of nosocomial diarrhea in children10.1097/MPG.0000000000001637 ↗
43. Selected lactobacillus bulgaricus and streptococcus thermophilus strains from bulgarian yogurt demonstrate significant anti-inflammatory potential
44. Lactic acid bacteria isolated from equid milk and their extracellular metabolites show great probiotic properties and anti-inflammatory potential10.1016/j.idairyj.2020.104828 ↗
45. The Potential Clinical Impact of Probiotic Treatment for the Prevention and/or Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutic Effect Against Radiation Induced Intestinal Mucositis. A Review10.2174/187221309789257432 ↗
46. Using probiotics in clinical practice: Where are we now? A review of existing meta-analyses10.1080/19490976.2017.1345414 ↗
47. Abdellatif, B., McVeigh, C., Bendriss, G., and Chaari, A. (2020). The Promising Role of Probiotics in Managing the Altered Gut in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.10.3390/ijms21114159 ↗
48. Gut microbiota and probiotics intervention: A potential therapeutic target for management of cardiometabolic disorders and chronic kidney disease?10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.020 ↗
49. Targeting the gut-skin axis—Probiotics as new tools for skin disorder management?10.1111/exd.14016 ↗
50. Bermúdez-Humarán, L.G., Salinas, E., Ortiz, G.G., Ramirez-Jirano, L.J., Morales, J.A., and Bitzer-Quintero, O.K. (2019). From Probiotics to Psychobiotics: Live Beneficial Bacteria Which Act on the Brain-Gut Axis. Nutrients, 11.10.3390/nu11040890 ↗
51. Probiotic Dairy Products as Functional Foods10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00120.x ↗
52. Holban, A.M., and Grumezescu, A. (2018). Trends and Possibilities of the Use of Probiotics in Food Production. Handbook of Food Bioengineering, Academic Press.
53. Sources, formulations, advanced delivery and health benefits of probiotics10.1016/j.cofs.2020.01.003 ↗
54. Interactions among lactic acid starter and probiotic bacteria used for fermented dairy products10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74129-5 ↗
55. Incorporation of bifidobacteria into cheeses: Challenges and rewards10.1016/j.idairyj.2003.08.008 ↗
56. Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis in stirred fruit yogurts10.1016/j.lwt.2007.08.009 ↗
57. Incorporation of adjunct cultures of Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei and Bifidobacterium bifidum into white cheese
58. Probiotic ice cream: Viability of probiotic bacteria and sensory properties10.1007/s13213-010-0188-z ↗
59. Flow cytometry as a potential method of measuring bacterial viability in probiotic products: A review10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.006 ↗
60. Life, death, and in-between: Meanings and methods in microbiology10.1128/AEM.00744-11 ↗
61. Survival of probiotic bacteria in carboxymethyl cellulose-based edible film and assessment of quality parameters10.1016/j.lwt.2017.08.066 ↗
62. Terpou, A., Papadaki, A., Lappa, I.K., Kachrimanidou, V., Bosnea, L.A., and Kopsahelis, N. (2019). Probiotics in Food Systems: Significance and Emerging Strategies Towards Improved Viability and Delivery of Enhanced Beneficial Value. Nutrients, 11.10.3390/nu11071591 ↗
63. Physicochemical and microstructural properties of a novel edible film synthesized from Balangu seed mucilage10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.029 ↗
64. Lactic acid bacteria in dairy food: Surface characterization and interactions with food matrix components10.1016/j.cis.2014.09.005 ↗
65. Retention of aroma compounds by lactic acid bacteria in model food media10.1016/j.foodhyd.2006.11.001 ↗
66. Food phenolics and lactic acid bacteria10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.03.025 ↗
67. Expert consensus document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics10.1038/nrgastro.2017.75 ↗
68. Probiotics drive gut microbiome triggering emotional brain signatures
69. Application of lactobacilli and prebiotic oligosaccharides for the development of a synbiotic semi-hard cheese10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108361 ↗
70. da S.; Ziegler, D.R.; Corich, V.; Giacomini, A. In vitro Probiotic Potential and Anti-cancer Activity of Newly Isolated Folate-Producing Streptococcus thermophilus Strains10.3389/fmicb.2018.02214 ↗
71. Probiotic potential of a Lactobacillus rhamnosus cheese isolate and its effect on the fecal microbiota of healthy volunteers10.1016/j.foodres.2019.02.004 ↗
72. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: Updating the concept of prebiotics10.1079/NRR200479 ↗
73. Human Gut Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer10.1016/j.gpb.2017.06.002 ↗
74. Clinical trials using functional foods provide unique challenges10.1016/j.jff.2018.01.024 ↗
75. Yu, H., Liu, W., Li, D., Liu, C., Feng, Z., and Jiang, B. (2020). Targeting Delivery System for Lactobacillus Plantarum Based on Functionalized Electrospun Nanofibers. Polymers, 12.10.3390/polym12071565 ↗
76. Low-moisture food matrices as probiotic carriers
77. Encapsulated probiotic cells: Relevant techniques, natural sources as encapsulating materials and food applications—A narrative review10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109682 ↗
78. Recent Advances in Probiotics Encapsulation by Electrospinning
79. Anandharamakrishnan, C., and Padma, S. (2015). Encapsulation of probiotics by spray drying. Spray Drying Techniques for Food Ingredient Encapsulation, Wiley & Sons.10.1002/9781118863985 ↗
80. An overview of encapsulation of active compounds used in food products by drying technology10.1016/j.fbio.2015.12.009 ↗
81. Different stress tolerance of spray and freeze dried Lactobacillus casei Shirota microcapsules with different encapsulating agents10.1007/s10068-018-0507-x ↗
82. Marañón, I. (2012). Encapsulation Technology to Protect Probiotic Bacteria. Probiotics, InTech.
83. Effect of whey protein—Alginate wall systems on survival of microencapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum in simulated gastrointestinal conditions10.1016/j.jff.2012.06.006 ↗
84. Probiotics into outer space: Feasibility assessments of encapsulated freeze-dried probiotics during 1 month’s storage on the International Space Station10.1038/s41598-018-29094-2 ↗
85. Enhanced viability of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii encapsulated by layer-by-layer approach in pH responsive chitosan–dextran sulfate polyelectrolytes10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.03.015 ↗
86. Garti, N., and McClements, D.J. (2012). 18—Properties and applications of different probiotic delivery systems. Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Woodhead Publishing.
87. Enhanced viability of probiotics (Pediococcus pentosaceus Li05) by encapsulation in microgels doped with inorganic nanoparticles10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.05.024 ↗
88. Improved Viability of Microencapsulated Probiotics in a Freeze-Dried Banana Powder During Storage and Under Simulated Gastrointestinal Tract10.1007/s12602-018-9464-1 ↗
89. Influence of casein-based microencapsulation on freeze-drying and storage of probiotic cells10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.01.003 ↗
90. Effect of drying methods (electrospraying, freeze drying and spray drying) on survival and viability of microencapsulated Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 746910.1016/j.jff.2017.11.016 ↗
91. Patarroyo, J.L., Florez-Rojas, J., Pradilla, D., Valderrama-Rincon, J., Cruz, J., and Reyes, L. (2020). Formulation and Characterization of Gelatin-Based Hydrogels for the Encapsulation of Kluyveromyces lactis—Applications in Packed-Bed Reactors and Probiotics Delivery in Humans. Polymers, 12.10.3390/polym12061287 ↗
92. Spray freeze drying: Emerging applications in drug delivery10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.02.044 ↗
93. Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. from adverse conditions10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.001 ↗
94. Encapsulation of probiotic living cells: From laboratory scale to industrial applications10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.12.031 ↗
95. Study of viability and storage stability of Lactobacillus acidophillus when encapsulated with the prebiotics rice bran, inulin and Hi-maize10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.04.049 ↗
96. Application of multicriteria decision technique to determine optimum sodium alginate concentration for microencapsulation of Lactobacillus casei Shirota by extrusion and emulsification10.1111/jfpe.12481 ↗
97. Growth and survival of microencapsulated probiotics prepared by emulsion and internal gelation10.1007/s13197-019-03616-w ↗
98. Probiotic encapsulation technology: From microencapsulation to release into the gut10.3390/pharmaceutics4010149 ↗
99. Use of gelatin and gum arabic for microencapsulation of probiotic cells from Lactobacillus plantarum by a dual process combining double emulsification followed by complex coacervation10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.110 ↗
100. Development and characterization of alginate microcapsules containing Bifidobacterium BB-12 produced by emulsification/internal gelation followed by freeze drying10.1016/j.lwt.2016.04.012 ↗