Hydrogen Energy Demand Growth Prediction and Assessment (2021–2050) Using a System Thinking and System Dynamics Approach
Source abstract
Abstract
Adoption of hydrogen energy as an alternative to fossil fuels could be a major step towards decarbonising and fulfilling the needs of the energy sector. Hydrogen can be an ideal alternative for many fields compared with other alternatives. However, there are many potential environmental challenges that are not limited to production and distribution systems, but they also focus on how hydrogen is used through fuel cells and combustion pathways. The use of hydrogen has received little attention in research and policy, which may explain the widely claimed belief that nothing but water is released as a by-product when hydrogen energy is used. We adopt systems thinking and system dynamics approaches to construct a conceptual model for hydrogen energy, with a special focus on the pathways of hydrogen use, to assess the potential unintended consequences, and possible interventions; to highlight the possible growth of hydrogen energy by 2050. The results indicate that the combustion pathway may increase the risk of the adoption of hydrogen as a combustion fuel, as it produces NOx, which is a key air pollutant that causes environmental deterioration, which may limit the application of a combustion pathway if no intervention is made. The results indicate that the potential range of global hydrogen demand is rising, ranging from 73 to 158 Mt in 2030, 73 to 300 Mt in 2040, and 73 to 568 Mt in 2050, depending on the scenario presented.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems · Energy and Environment Impacts · Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, QLD 4008, Australia
Engineering Faculty, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, The Public Authority of Applied Education and Training (PAAET), Adailiyah P.O. Box 23167, Kuwait
Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Pahang, Malaysia
Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad P.O. Box 18310, Iraq
College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Pahang, Malaysia
Automotive Engineering Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Pahang, Malaysia
School of Engineering, The University Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
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