Structural, magnetic, and optical properties of (Ni + Fe)-Doped ZnO thin films for spintronic applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
No abstract is available for this record. The assistant can identify its topic from the title, but cannot infer the study’s results.
Source: Not provided · Quality: missing
Research context
OpenAlex topics: ZnO doping and properties · Thin-Film Transistor Technologies · Copper-based nanomaterials and applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (75)
Show source-provided references
1. V. Srikant, D.R. Clark, On the optical band gap of zinc oxide. J. Appl. Phys. 83, 5447–5451 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36737510.1063/1.367375 ↗
2. N.M.A. Hadia, M. Alzaid, B. Alqahtani, Enhancement of optical, electrical and sensing characteristics of ZnO nanowires for optoelectronic applications. J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 34, 456 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-09905-710.1007/s10854-023-09905-7 ↗
3. D.C. Look, Recent advances in ZnO materials and devices. Mater. Sci. Eng., B 80, 383–387 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00604-810.1016/S0921-5107(00)00604-8 ↗
4. S. Choi, I. Aharonovich, Zinc oxide nanophotonics. Nanophotonics. 4(2015)437 – 458. https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2015-002310.1515/nanoph-2015-0023 ↗
5. A. Janotti, C.G. Van de Walle, Fundamentals of zinc oxide as a semiconductor. Rep. Prog Phys. 72, 126501 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/72/12/12650110.1088/0034-4885/72/12/126501 ↗
6. M.O. Eji, O.C. Ogbonnaya, Advances on the Applications of Nanostructured Composites Zinc Oxide (ZnO) in Solar Energy Devices, And Photocatalysis: A Review. Int. J. Res. Innov. Appl. Sci. 10, 414–428 (2025). https://doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2025.100103310.51584/IJRIAS.2025.1001033 ↗
7. F. Güell, A. Galdámez-Martínez, P.R. Martínez-Alanis, A.C. Catto, L.F. da Silva, V.R. Mastelaro, G. Santana, Dutt. ZnO-based nanomaterials approach for photocatalytic and sensing applications: recent progress and trends. Mater. Adv. 4, 3685–3707 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1039/D3MA00227F10.1039/D3MA00227F ↗
8. A.L.T. Zheng, C.A.C. Abdullah, E.L.T. Chung, Recent progress in visible light-doped ZnO photocatalyst for pollution control. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 20, 5753–5772 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04354-x. Y. Andou10.1007/s13762-022-04354-x ↗
9. M. Alzubaidi, Y. Saleh Ahmed, Nahhas. Review of Recent Advances of ZnO Nanowires Based Sensors Devices. Am. J. Nanomaterials. 11, 51–60 (2023). https://doi.org/10.12691/ajn-11-1-410.12691/ajn-11-1-4 ↗
10. M. Saeed, H.M. Marwani, U. Shahzad, A.M. Asiri, M.M. Rahman, Recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives of ZnO nanostructure materials towards energy applications. Chem. Record. 24, e202300106 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.20230010610.1002/tcr.202300106 ↗
11. N. Asif, M. Amir, T. Fatma, Recent advances in the synthesis, characterization and biomedical applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Bioprocess. Biosyst Eng. 46, 1377–1398 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-023-02886-110.1007/s00449-023-02886-1 ↗
12. A. Singh, K. Yadav, P. Thakur, F. Wan, B. Ravelo, A. Thakur, Review on the amelioration of ZnO and its composites: synthesis and applications. Indian J. Phys. 98, 4279–4300 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12648-024-03181-910.1007/s12648-024-03181-9 ↗
13. R. Potan, P.K. Srivastav, Review on synthesis, characterisation and properties of transition metal doped ZnO nanostructures. AIP Conf. Proc. 2986, 030156 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.019653710.1063/5.0196537 ↗
14. S. Roy, S. Mukherjee, Tuning the structural, optical and magnetic properties of transition metal doped zinc oxide nanoparticles. J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 35, 1662 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-13433-310.1007/s10854-024-13433-3 ↗
15. R. Gopalakrishnan, M. Ashokkumar, Comparative assessment of transition metals doping effects on structural, optical, optical conductivity, and photocatalytic features of ZnO nanoparticles. J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 35, 1614 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-13395-610.1007/s10854-024-13395-6 ↗
16. A. Safeen, K. Safeen, M. Shafique, Y. Iqbal, N. Ahmed, M.A.R. Khan, H. Shahf, R. Khan, The effect of Mn and Co dual-doping on the structural, optical, dielectric and magnetic properties of ZnO nanostructures. RSC Adv. 12, 11923–11932 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RA01798A10.1039/D2RA01798A ↗
17. M. Bassi, S. Yadav, A. Agrawal et al., Room temperature ferromagnetism in Co and Ni co-doped ZnO particles: validation through density functional theory. Appl. Phys. A 130, 850 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-024-08018-010.1007/s00339-024-08018-0 ↗
18. X. Wu, Z. Wei, L. Zhang, C.R. Zhang, H. Yang, J. Jiang, Synthesis and characterization of Fe and Ni co-doped ZnO nanorods synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Ceram. Int. 40, 14635–14640 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.06.05010.1016/j.ceramint.2014.06.050 ↗
19. N. Ahmed, Z. Khalil, Z. Farooq, S. Khizar-ul-Haq, P. Shahida, Ramiza, K.W. Ahmad, R. Qadir, Q. Khan, Zafar, Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of pure and Ni–Fe-codoped zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by a sol–gel autocombustion method. ACS Omega. 9, 137–145 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c0172710.1021/acsomega.3c01727 ↗
20. M. Mishra, A. Verma, R. Yadav, S. Singh, M. Kumar, Concentration-engineered structural and optical properties of Fe/Ni co-doped ZnO films. Mater. Lett. 403, 139398 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2025.13939810.1016/j.matlet.2025.139398 ↗
21. Z. Taalab, M.I. Amer, S.H. Moustafa, H.M. Hashem, E.R. EmamIsmail, E.R. Shaaban, M. Hammam, M. El-Hagary, Exploring enhanced optoelectronic and spintronic characteristics of Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation approach. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 183, 108751 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2024.10875110.1016/j.mssp.2024.108751 ↗
22. A. Paskaleva, D. Spassov, B. Blagoev, P. Terziyska, Peculiarities of electric and dielectric behavior of Ni- or Fe-doped ZnO thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition. Materials. 17, 3546 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma1714354610.3390/ma17143546 ↗
23. M.A. Mahmood, R. Khan, S. Al Otaibi, K. Althubeiti, S.S. Abdullaev, N. Rahman, M. Sohail, S. Iqbal, The effect of transition metals co-doped ZnO nanotubes based diluted magnetic semiconductor for spintronic applications. Crystals. 13, 984 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst1307098410.3390/cryst13070984 ↗
24. R.K. Deepika et al., Defect-induced room-temperature ferromagnetism and enhanced photocatalytic activity in Ni-doped ZnO synthesized by electrodeposition. Chin. Phys. B 29, 108503 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ab9c0c10.1088/1674-1056/ab9c0c ↗
25. S. Kanwal, S. Shahzad, S.J. Hussain, Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by the sol–gel method. ACS Omega. 8, 12345–12357 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c0341810.1021/acsomega.3c03418 ↗
26. A. Murtaza, M. Mehmood, B. Mahmood, Oxygen vacancies mediated ferromagnetism and electronic structure modifications in transition metal doped ZnO. Mater. Today Phys. (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2025.10833010.1016/j.rinp.2025.108330 ↗
27. K. Udagawa, Y. Yamazaki, Y. Yamada, T. Fukuda, Ferromagnetism enhancement by increasing oxygen vacancies in Co-doped ZnO. AIP Adv. 12, 125221 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.009938810.1063/5.0099388 ↗
28. N. Ahmed, Z. Khalil, Z. Farooq, S. Shahida, P. Ahmad, K.W. Qadir, R. Khan, Q. Zafar, Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of pure and Ni–Fe-codoped zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by a sol–gel autocombustion method. ACS Omega. 8, 49303–49315 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c0172710.1021/acsomega.3c01727 ↗
29. S.U. Awan, M. Hassan, R. Khan, M. Atif, S. Naseem, Correlation between structural, electrical, dielectric and magnetic properties of semiconducting Co-doped and (Co,Li) co-doped ZnO nanoparticles for spintronics applications. Phys. E. 103, 110–121 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2018.05.01310.1016/j.physe.2018.05.013 ↗
30. V. Pazhanivelu, A.P.B. Selvadurai, R. Kannan, Structural, optical and intrinsic-defect–induced magnetic properties of ZnO:Fe nanoparticles. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 27, 5549–5556 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4459-810.1007/s10854-016-4459-8 ↗
31. M. Hjiri, N. Mustapha, Sol–gel derived magnetic oxide nanomaterials: synthesis, properties, and spintronic applications. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 116, 1558–1580 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-025-06931-110.1007/s10971-025-06931-1 ↗
32. K.I. Nassar, S.S. Teixeira, M.P.F. Graça, Sol–gel-synthesized metal oxide nanostructures: advancements and prospects for spintronic applications—A comprehensive review. Gels. 11, 657 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/gels1108065710.3390/gels11080657 ↗
33. N. Lehraki, A. Attaf, M. Aida, N. Attaf, M. Othmane, F. Bouaichi, Effect of different Zinc precursors in Structural and Optical properties of ZnO thin films. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003, 08487 (2020). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2003.0848710.48550/arXiv.2003.08487 ↗
34. S. Attaf, F. Abbas, C. Namoune, R. Bensaha, Effect of Ni-Doping on ZnO Nanostructures Properties. Int. Conf. Nanotechnol. Environ. Prot. Clean Energy Prod. ICNEP. 45, 197–205 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1916-7_2010.1007/978-981-97-1916-7_20 ↗
35. M. Musharaf, S. Karamat, M.U. Hassan, U. Khalique, A. Oral, A.B. Behjat, R. Akram, Solubility Enhancement of Fe in ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared by Co-Precipitation Method. J. Supercond Nov Magn. 34, 2633–2642 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-021-05904-z10.1007/s10948-021-05904-z ↗
36. R. Ghosh, D. Basak, S. Fujihara, Effect of substrate-induced strain on the structural, electrical, and optical properties of polycrystalline ZnO thin films. J. Appl. Phys. 96, 2689–2692 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.176959810.1063/1.1769598 ↗
37. M. Khan, G.A. Nowsherwan, R. Ali, M. Ahmed, N. Anwar, S. Riaz, A. Farooq, S.S. Hussain, S. Naseem, JR. Choi. Investigation of Photoluminescence and Optoelectronics Properties of Transition Metal-Doped ZnO Thin Films. Molecules. 24, 7963 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules2824796310.3390/molecules28247963 ↗
38. X.Y. Li, Y.L. Wang, W.F. Liu, G.S. Jiang, C.F. Zhu, Study of oxygen vacancies influence on the lattice parameter in ZnO thin film. Mater. Lett. 85, 25 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2012.06.10710.1016/j.matlet.2012.06.107 ↗
39. P.R. Chithira, N. Abharana, S.N. Jha, D. Bhattacharyya, Local structural studies through EXAFS and effect of Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ existence in ZnO nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. C 125(24), 13523–13533 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c0088110.1021/acs.jpcc.1c00881 ↗
40. P.R. Chithira, T.T. John, Defect and dopant induced room temperature ferromagnetism in Ni doped ZnO nanoparticles. J. Alloys Compd. 766, 572–583 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.06.33610.1016/j.jallcom.2018.06.336 ↗
41. A. Toumiat, Synthesis of Fe doped ZnO thin nanofilms by thermal oxidation of sputtered metallic precursors. SSRN. (2023). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.443563410.2139/ssrn.4435634 ↗
42. N. Ahmed, Z. Khalil, Z. Farooq, Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of pure and Ni–Fe-codoped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by a sol–gel autocombustion method. ACS Omega. 9(1), 137–145 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c0172710.1021/acsomega.3c01727 ↗
43. V. Mote, Y. Purushotham, B. Dole, Williamson-Hall analysis in estimation of lattice strain in nanometer-sized ZnO particles. J. Theor. Appl. Phys. 6, 6 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1186/2251-7235-6-610.1186/2251-7235-6-6 ↗
44. M. Souissi, M.N. Bessadok, N. Ihzaz, M. Alshammari, O.M. El Lemine, Optical, structural, and crystal defects characterizations of dip-synthesized Fe–Ni co-doped ZnO thin films. Materials. 13, 1737 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma1307173710.3390/ma13071737 ↗
45. H.S. Lokesha, P. Mohanty, C.J. Sheppard, A.R.E. Prinsloo, Structure, optical and magnetic properties of Fe doped, Fe + Cr co-doped ZnO nanoparticles. (2021). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2111.0726610.48550/arXiv.2111.07266 ↗
46. A.K. Rana, Y. Kumar, P. Rajput, S.N. Jha, D. Bhattacharyya, P.M. Shirage, Search for origin of room temperature ferromagnetism properties in Ni-doped ZnO nanostructure. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 9, 7691–7700 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b1261610.1021/acsami.6b12616 ↗
47. I. Jabbar, Y. Zaman, K. Althubeiti, S. Al Otaibi, M.Z. Ishaque, N. Rahman, M. Sohail, A. Khan, A. Ullah, T. Del Rosso, Q. Zaman, R. Khan, A. Khan, Diluted magnetic semiconductor properties in TM doped ZnO nanoparticles. RSC Adv. 12, 13456–13463 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ra01210c10.1039/d2ra01210c ↗
48. A. Kumar, P. Dhiman, S. Sarveena, M. Aggarwal, Singh, Investigation of the room temperature ferromagnetism in transition metal-doped ZnO thin films. Appl. Phys. A 126, 1–10 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-04124-x10.1007/s00339-020-04124-x ↗
49. N.K. Singh, V. Koutu, M.M. Malik, Enhancement of room temperature ferromagnetic behavior of Co-doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via sol–gel technique. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 91, 324–334 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-019-05004-410.1007/s10971-019-05004-4 ↗
50. M. Bassi, S. Yadav, A. Agrawal, V. Mehra, T. Ahmad, M. Sharma, B.K. Kuanr, Room temperature ferromagnetism in Co and Ni co-doped ZnO particles: validation through density functional theory. Appl. Phys. A 130, 850 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-024-08018-010.1007/s00339-024-08018-0 ↗
51. D. Anbuselvan, S. Nilavazhagan, A. Santhanam, N. Chidhambaram, G. Kanimozhi, T. Ahamad, S.M. Alshehri, The effect of iron doping on the structural, optical, surface morphological, and temperature-dependent magnetic properties of ZnO nanoparticles. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. 33, 094001 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/abcd8010.1088/1361-648X/abcd80 ↗
52. A. Khaleq, M. Alsmadi, B. Salameh, M. Barhoush, Polaron-induced intrinsic ferromagnetic ordering in copper-doped ZnO films. Phys. Rev. B 108, 054444 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.05444410.1103/PhysRevB.108.054444 ↗
53. S. Güner, O. Gürbüz, S. Calıskan, V.I. Nuzhdin, R. Khaibullin, M. Öztürk, N. Akdogan, The structural and magnetic properties of Co+ implanted ZnO films. Appl. Surf. Sci. 310, 235–241 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.03.08510.1016/j.apsusc.2014.03.085 ↗
54. R. Vinod, M. Junaid Bushiri, P. Sajan, S.R. Achary, Vicente Muñoz-Sanjosé. Mn2+-induced room-temperature ferromagnetism and spin-glass behavior in hydrothermally grown Mn-doped ZnO nanorods. physica status solidi (a). 5, 1155–1161 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.20133039410.1002/pssa.201330394 ↗
55. N. Khlifi, N. Ihzaz, O. Toulemonde, A. Dandre, C. Labrugère-Sarroste, M.N. Bessadok, O.M. Lemine, El Mir. Cobalt-doped ZnO nanoparticles and PLD-deposited thin film forms: structure, optical properties and nature of magnetic anisotropy. RSC Adv. 14, 27622–27633 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra05021e10.1039/d4ra05021e ↗
56. J.E. Ramos, M. Montero-Muñoz, J.A.H. Coaquira, Rodríguez-Páez, JE Evidence of a cluster glass-like behavior in Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles. J. Appl. Phys. 115 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.486424610.1063/1.4864246 ↗
57. L.F.S. Tupan, M.I. Valerio-Cuadros, A.A. Oliveira, E.C. Passamani, A. Jr Paesano, Spin-Glass Transitions in Zn1–xFexO. Nanopart. Materials. 13, 869 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma1304086910.3390/ma13040869 ↗
58. L.F.S. Tupan, T.A. Grandi, M.A. Corrêa et al., Magnetic transitions in (Co,Fe)-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Phys. B: Condens. Matter. 658, 414373 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2023.41437310.1016/j.physb.2023.414373 ↗
59. T.A. Abdel-Baset, M. Belhaj, Structure, Optical, Dielectric, and Magnetic Properties of Zn0.99M0.01O (M = Ni, Fe, and Cd) nanoparticles. J. Supercond Nov Magn. 34, 1259–1267 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-021-05843-910.1007/s10948-021-05843-9 ↗
60. A. Sedky, N. Afify, A. Almohammedi, E.M.M. Ibrahim, A.M. Ali, Structural, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic investigation of doped and co-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Opt Quantum Electron. 55, 456 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-04718-810.1007/s11082-023-04718-8 ↗
61. N. Ahmed, Z. Khalil, Z. Farooq et al., Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of pure and Ni–Fe codoped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by a sol–gel autocombustion method. ACS Omega. 8 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c0172710.1021/acsomega.3c01727 ↗
62. I. Kuryliszyn-Kudelska, M.T. Klepka, M. Sikora, Transition-metal-doped ZnO nanocrystals: correlations between structure, defects, and complex magnetic behavior. Appl. Sci. 16, 786 (2026). https://doi.org/10.3390/app1602078610.3390/app16020786 ↗
63. Ü. Özgür, Y.I. Alivov, C. Liu, A. Teke, M.A. Reshchikov, S. Doğan, V. Avrutin, S.-J. Cho, H. Morkoç, A comprehensive review of ZnO materials and devices. J. Appl. Phys. 98, 041301 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.199266610.1063/1.1992666 ↗
64. R. Röder, S. Geburt, M. Zapf, D. Franke, M. Lorke, T. Frauenheim, Luisa da Rosa, C. Ronning. Transition Metal and Rare Earth Element Doped Zinc Oxide Nanowires for Optoelectronics. Phys. Status Solidi (b). 256 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.20180060410.1002/pssb.201800604 ↗
65. Z. Wei, X. Wu, L. Zhang, C. Zhang, H. Yang, Synthesis and characterization of Fe and Ni co-doped ZnO nanorods synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Ceram. Int. 40, 14635–14640 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.06.05010.1016/j.ceramint.2014.06.050 ↗
66. R. Kumar, A. Umar, G. Kumar, Defect-related photoluminescence and optical properties of ZnO nanostructures. Rev. Opt. Mater. 94, 241–255 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2019.05.04010.1016/j.optmat.2019.05.040 ↗
67. A.B. Djurišić, Y.H. Leung, Optical properties of ZnO nanostructures Small 14, 1800180 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.20180018010.1002/smll.201800180 ↗
68. A. Van de Janotti, Walle CG Native point defects in ZnO. Phys. Rev. B 76, 165202 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.76.1652010.1103/PhysRevB.76.16520 ↗
69. S. Baruah, J. Dutta, Hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanostructures Science and Technology of. Adv. Mater. 20, 472–506 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2019.160990810.1080/14686996.2019.1609908 ↗
70. S. Prabhu, S. Thangapandian, A. Sutha, S. Selvaraj, Structural, magnetic and photoluminescence behavior of Ni/Fe doped ZnO nanostructures prepared by co-precipitation method. Optik. 202, 163714 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.16371410.1016/j.ijleo.2019.163714 ↗
71. A. Singh, R.M. Mehra, Defect-related visible emissions in ZnO thin films. J. Appl. Phys. 124, 085701 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.504093610.1063/1.5040936 ↗
72. M.B. Rahmani, S.M. Hosseinpour-Mashkani, Defect engineering and visible photoluminescence in doped ZnO. Mater. Sci. Semiconduct. Process. 105, 104742 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2019.10474210.1016/j.mssp.2019.104742 ↗
73. A. Gupta, H. Cao, J.Z. Wu, Optical and magnetic correlation in transition-metal-doped ZnO. J. Phys. Chem. C 124, 13852–13860 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c0324110.1021/acs.jpcc.0c03241 ↗
74. M. Souissi, G. Schmerber, S. Colis, M. Alruwaili, Study of Zn₁–₂ₓNiₓFeₓO thin films coated on glass by sol–gel spin-coating method for DMS materials. Eur. Phys. J. Plus. 138, 716 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04312-710.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04312-7 ↗
75. P. Sharma, K. Sreenivas, Origin of green luminescence in ZnO: Role of oxygen vacancies. J. Lumin. 204, 89–96 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2018.08.00210.1016/j.jlumin.2018.08.002 ↗