Advancements in bilayer CIGS solar cells through tailored gallium grading: An integrated experimental and computational approach
Bibliographic record
Abstract
No abstract is available for this record. The assistant can identify its topic from the title, but cannot infer the study’s results.
Source: Not provided · Quality: missing
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films · Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials · Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (38)
Show source-provided references
1. M. Kaelin, D. Rudmann, A.N. Tiwari, Low-cost processing of CIGS thin film solar cells. Sol. Energy. 77(6), 749–756 (2004)10.1016/j.solener.2004.08.015 ↗
2. M. Nakamura, K. Yamaguchi, Y. Kimoto, Y. Yasaki, T. Kato, H. Sugimoto, Cd-free Cu (In, Ga) (Se, S)2 thin-film solar cells with record efficiency of 23.35%. IEEE J. Photovoltaics 9(6), 1863–1867 (2019)10.1109/JPHOTOV.2019.2937218 ↗
3. P. Reinhard, A. Chirilă, P. Blösch, F. Pianezzi, S. Nishiwaki, S. Buechelers, N. Ayodhya, Tiwari, Review of progress toward 20% efficiency flexible CIGS solar cells and manufacturing issues of solar modules. In 2012 IEEE 38th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) PART 2, pp. 1–9. IEEE, 201210.1109/PVSC-Vol2.2012.6656789 ↗
4. Ramanujam, Jeyakumar, P. Udai, Singh, Copper indium gallium selenide based solar cells–a review. Energy Environ. Sci. 10(6), 1306–1319 (2017)10.1039/C7EE00826K ↗
5. Y.-Y. Jseng, C.-J. Chao, H.-H. Sung, T.-C. Chen, CIGS thin film and device performance produced through a variation Ga concentration during three-stage growth process. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 87, 162–166 (2018)10.1016/j.mssp.2018.07.020 ↗
6. C. Ravi Dhas, A.J. Christy, R. Venkatesh, D.D. Kirubakaran, R. Sivakumar, K. Ravichandran, A.M.E. Raj, C. Sanjeeviraja, Effect of sputtering power on properties and photovoltaic performance of CIGS thin film solar cells. Mater. Res. Innov. 21(5), 286–293 (2017)10.1080/14328917.2016.1214226 ↗
7. H.-H. Sheu, Y.-T. Hsu, S.-Y. Jian, L. Shih-Chang, The effect of Cu concentration in the photovoltaic efficiency of CIGS solar cells prepared by co-evaporation technique. Vacuum. 131, 278–284 (2016)10.1016/j.vacuum.2016.07.008 ↗
8. V.S. Saji, S.-M. Lee, C.-W. Lee, CIGS thin film solar cells by electrodeposition. J. Korean Electrochem. Soc. 14(2), 61–70 (2011)10.5229/JKES.2011.14.2.061 ↗
9. J. Keller, K. Kiselman, O. Donzel-Gargand, N.M. Martin, M. Babucci, O. Lundberg, E. Wallin, L. Stolt, M. Edoff, High-concentration silver alloying and steep back-contact gallium grading enabling copper indium gallium selenide solar cell with 23.6% efficiency. Nat. Energy. 9(4), 467–478 (2024)10.1038/s41560-024-01472-3 ↗
10. S.M. Sivasankar, C.D.O. Amorim, A.F.D. Cunha, Progress in thin-film photovoltaics: a review of key strategies to enhance the efficiency of CIGS, CdTe, and CZTSSe solar cells. J. Compos. Sci. 9(3), 143 (2025)10.3390/jcs9030143 ↗
11. N.E.I. Boukortt, S. Patanè, B. Hadri, G. Crupi, Graded bandgap ultrathin CIGS solar cells. Electronics 12, 393 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics1202039310.3390/electronics12020393 ↗
12. J. Zhang, Z. Ma, Y. Zhang et al., Highly efficient narrow bandgap Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with enhanced open circuit voltage for tandem application. Nat. Commun. 15, 10365 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54818-610.1038/s41467-024-54818-6 ↗
13. S.M.H. Jafari, A. Orouji, A. Abbasi, Numerical investigation of ultrathin CIGS solar cells featuring SiO2/GaAs double rear passivation. Sci. Rep. 16, 4549 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-34707-810.1038/s41598-025-34707-8 ↗
14. N. Pyrlik et al., Jan., Correlation of Nanoscale Structure, Composition, and Performance: A Study of the CIGS Materials Paradigm, in IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 18–32, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.360260210.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3602602 ↗
15. R. Prasad, A.K. Das, U.P. Singh, Bilayer CIGS-based solar cell device for enhanced performance: a numerical approach. Appl. Phys. A 127(2), 140 (2021)10.1007/s00339-021-04298-y ↗
16. K. Ramanathan, J. Keane, R. Noufi, Properties of high-efficiency CIGS thin-film solar cells. In Conference Record of the Thirty-first IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2005., pp. 195–198. IEEE, 200510.1109/PVSC.2005.1488103 ↗
17. B. Peace, J. Claypoole, N. Sun, D. Dwyer, M.D. Eisaman, P. Haldar, H. Efstathiadis, Characterization of Cu (In, Ga) Se2 (CIGS) films with varying gallium ratios. J. Alloys Compd. 657, 873–877 (2016)10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.09.006 ↗
18. V. Kumar, P. Udai, Singh, Effect of selenization temperature on the formation of CZTSe absorber layer. Appl. Phys. A 125(12), 808 (2019)10.1007/s00339-019-3113-8 ↗
19. U.C. Matur, N. Baydogan, Sol–gel derived Cu (In, Ga) Se2 thin film solar cell. J. Nanoelectron. Optoelectron. 12(4), 352–358 (2017)10.1166/jno.2017.2023 ↗
20. A. Basak, H. Deka, A. Mondal, U.P. Singh, Effect of substrate on the structural, optical and electrical properties of CuSnS thin films prepared by doctor blade method. Mater. Today Proc. 4(14), 12529–12535 (2017)10.1016/j.matpr.2017.10.056 ↗
21. W.C. Lim, J. Lee, Y. Lee, Characterization of Cu(InGa)Se2 (CIGS) thin films in solar cell devices by secondary ion mass spectrometry. J. Surf. Anal. 17(3), 324–327 (2011)10.1384/jsa.17.324 ↗
22. S.Y. Gezgin, A. Houimi, Y. Gündoğdu, B. Mercimek, H.Ş Kılıç, Determination of photovoltaic parameters of CIGS hetero junction solar cells produced by PLD technique, using SCAPS simulation program. Vacuum 192, 110451 (2021)10.1016/j.vacuum.2021.110451 ↗
23. Zhou, J., Han, J., Tao, S., Jia, M., Wu, Z., Gong, Q., … Zhao, M. Mo2N Diffusion Barrier for CIGS Solar Cell: Enabling Direct Back Contact and Tailored MoSe2 Interfacial Engineering. Available at SSRN 6149014
24. M.A. Mankoshi, F.I. Kadhim, Mustafa, J. Nora, Hintaw. Effects of Annealing Temperature on Structural and Optical Properties of CIGS Thin Films for Using in Solar Cell Applications. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1032, no. 1, p. 012019. IOP Publishing, 201810.1088/1742-6596/1032/1/012019 ↗
25. J.S. Jang, H.H. Hwang, H.J. Kang, J.K. Suh, H.S. Min, M.S. Han, K.H. Cho et al., Quantitative analysis of Cu (In, Ga) Se2 thin films by secondary ion mass spectrometry using a total number counting method. Metrologia 49(4), 522 (2012)10.1088/0026-1394/49/4/522 ↗
26. S.A. Suhel, S.S. Ng, W. El Berjali, V. Colas, S.O.S. Hamady, Fabrication and characterization of n-type copper oxide thin films by electron-beam evaporation and post-deposition annealing. J. Alloys Compd. (2026). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.18641910.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186419 ↗
27. C. Yang, W. Li, L. Siqin, S. Li, R. Liu, H. Luan, C. Zhu, 12.5% efficiency for Cu2ZnSn (S, Se) 4 solar cells fabricated by NaF interface passivation. J. Power Sources 667, 239253 (2026)10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239253 ↗
28. P. Kumar, P. Kumar, J.P. Thomas, A. Gradone, N. Gilli, S. You, A. Vomiero, High-efficiency semitransparent solar cells based on magnetron sputtered Sb2S3 thin films. Adv. Sci. 13(2), e12103 (2026)10.1002/advs.202512103 ↗
29. F.I. Za’abar, Y. Yusoff, H. Mohamed, S.F. Abdullah, A.W.M. Zuhdi, N. Amin, P. Chelvanathan et al., A numerical investigation on the combined effects of MoSe2 interface layer and graded bandgap absorber in CIGS thin film solar cells. Coatings 11(8), 930 (2021)10.3390/coatings11080930 ↗
30. M. Burgelman, P. Nollet, S. Degrave, Modelling polycrystalline semiconductor solar cells. Thin Solid Films 361, 527–532 (2000)10.1016/S0040-6090(99)00825-1 ↗
31. S. Ahmmed, A. Aktar, M.F. Rahman, J. Hossain, A.B.M. Ismail, A numerical simulation of high efficiency CdS/CdTe based solar cell using NiO HTL and ZnO TCO. Optik 223, 165625 (2020)10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.165625 ↗
32. A. Nassour, M. Kandouci, Z. WAAR, A. Belghachi, M. Moustafa, Numerical optimization of CIGS/CGS double-absorber solar cells: enhancing efficiency through thickness and bandgap tuning. Ukr. J. Phys. Opt. 26(2), 02104–02118 (2025)10.3116/16091833/Ukr.J.Phys.Opt.2025.02104 ↗
33. R. Prasad, A.K. Das, U.P. Singh, Impact of buffer layers on the performance of graded CIGS solar cells: a numerical approach. Appl. Phys. A 127, 816 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-021-04954-310.1007/s00339-021-04954-3 ↗
34. N.E.I. Boukortt, S. Patanè, B. Hadri, G. Crupi, Graded bandgap ultrathin CIGS solar cells. Electronics 12(2), 393 (2023)10.3390/electronics12020393 ↗
35. S. Rawat, R. Gupta, S. Gohri, (2023). Performance assessment of CIGS solar cell with different CIGS grading profile. Materials Today: Proceedings10.1016/j.matpr.2023.03.356 ↗
36. J. Gong, Y. Kong, J. Li, K. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Zhang, Z. Ding, X. Xiao, Enhancing photocurrent of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with actively controlled Ga grading in the absorber layer. Nano Energy 62, 205–211 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.05.05210.1016/j.nanoen.2019.05.052 ↗
37. S.-C. Yang, M. Ochoa, R. Hertwig, A. Aribia, A.N. Tiwari, R. Carron, Influence of Ga back grading on voltage loss in low-temperature co-evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells. Prog. Photovoltaics Res. Appl. 29, 630–637 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.341310.1002/pip.3413 ↗
38. S. Jung, S. Ahn, J.H. Yun, J. Gwak, D. Kim, K. Yoon, Effects of Ga contents on properties of CIGS thin films and solar cells fabricated by co-evaporation technique. Curr. Appl. Phys. 10(4), 990–996 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2009.11.08210.1016/j.cap.2009.11.082 ↗