DataVXApplied Physics APaper
journal article·2026-04

Comparative analysis of laser surface alloying of Ti6Al4V with FeCoCrMnTi under argon and nitrogen shielding

Abhinay Rajput, Indranil Manna, Tapas Kumar Bandyopadhyay, Jyotsna Dutta Majumdar

Applied Physics A· Volume 132· Issue 4
Publisher page
Bibliographic record

Abstract

No abstract is available for this record. The assistant can identify its topic from the title, but cannot infer the study’s results.

Source: Not provided · Quality: missing

Research context

Metals & alloys

OpenAlex topics: High Entropy Alloys Studies · Surface Treatment and Residual Stress · Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (46)

Show source-provided references
1. M. Abdel-Hady Gepreel, M. Niinomi, (2013) ‘Biocompatibility of Ti-alloys for long-term implantation’, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 20, pp. 407–415. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.11.01410.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.11.014 ↗
2. S. Anada et al., Electron-irradiation-induced phase transition in Cr2M (M = Ti and Al) intermetallic compounds. J. Alloys Compd. 579, 646–653 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.06.12210.1016/j.jallcom.2013.06.122 ↗
3. J.F. Archard, Contact and rubbing of flat surfaces. J. Appl. Phys. 24(8), 981–988 (1953). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.172144810.1063/1.1721448 ↗
4. J. Bedmar et al., Impact of remelting in the microstructure and corrosion properties of the Ti6Al4V fabricated by selective laser melting. Coatings 12(2), 284 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings1202028410.3390/coatings12020284 ↗
5. Y. Berthier, ‘Third-Body Reality – Consequences and Use of the Third‐Body Concept to Solve Friction and Wear Problems,’ in Wear – Materials, Mechanisms and Practice. (Wiley, 2005), pp.291–316. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470017029.ch1210.1002/9780470017029.ch12 ↗
6. W.D. Brewer, R.K. Bird, T.A. Wallace, Titanium alloys and processing for high speed aircraft. Materials Science and Engineering: A 243(1–2), 299–304 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(97)00818-610.1016/S0921-5093(97)00818-6 ↗
7. S.R. Candela et al., C. (2025) ‘Dry sliding wear behavior of in situ Ti6Al4V/TiN composites 3D manufactured by Laser-Directed Energy deposition’, Ceramics International [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.00210.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.002 ↗
8. B. Cantor, Multicomponent and high entropy alloys. Entropy 16(9), 4749–4768 (2014). https://doi.org/10.3390/e1609474910.3390/e16094749 ↗
9. M.-P. Chang et al., Effect of manganese on mechanical properties and deformation mechanism of CoCrFeNi high entropy alloys. Mater. Today Commun. 35, 105844 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.10584410.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.105844 ↗
10. B.L. Davis, Semiquantitative XRD analysis with the aid of reference intensity ratio estimates. Powder Diffr. 13(3), 185–187 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1017/S088571560001008310.1017/S0885715600010083 ↗
11. C. Deng et al., Mechanical and chemical properties of CoCrFeNiMo0.2 high entropy alloy coating fabricated on Ti6Al4V by laser cladding. Intermetallics 144, 107504 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2022.10750410.1016/j.intermet.2022.107504 ↗
12. H. Duan et al., Tribological properties of AlCoCrFeNiCu high-entropy alloy in hydrogen peroxide solution and in oil lubricant. Wear 297(1–2), 1045–1051 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2012.11.01410.1016/j.wear.2012.11.014 ↗
13. J. Dutta Majumdar, I. Manna, Laser processing of materials. Sadhana 28(3–4), 495–562 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0270644610.1007/BF02706446 ↗
14. J. Dutta Majumdar, I. Manna, Laser material processing. Int. Mater. Rev. 56(5–6), 341–388 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1179/1743280411Y.000000000310.1179/1743280411Y.0000000003 ↗
15. W. Feng et al., Online multi-physics field measurement of melt pool temperature and flow fields during metal additive manufacturing. Opt. Lasers Eng. 186, 108806 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2024.10880610.1016/j.optlaseng.2024.108806 ↗
16. M. Garg et al., Enhanced oxidation resistance of ultrafine-grain microstructure AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy. ACS Omega 7(15), 12589–12600 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c0601410.1021/acsomega.1c06014 ↗
17. I. Gurrappa, Characterization of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V for chemical, marine and industrial applications. Mater. Charact. 51(2–3), 131–139 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2003.10.00610.1016/j.matchar.2003.10.006 ↗
18. R. Haribaskar, T.S. Kumar, Defects in metal additive manufacturing: formation, process parameters, postprocessing, challenges, economic aspects, and future research directions. 3D Print. Addit. Manuf. 11(4), e1629–e1655 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1089/3dp.2022.034410.1089/3dp.2022.0344 ↗
19. D. Höche et al., (2009) ‘Marangoni Convection during Free Electron Laser Nitriding of Titanium’, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 40(4), pp. 497–507. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-009-9243-110.1007/s11663-009-9243-1 ↗
20. H. Hofmann, G. Frommeyer, C. Derder, Creep mechanisms in particle strengthened α-Titanium–Ti2Co alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 245(1), 127–134 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(97)00714-410.1016/S0921-5093(97)00714-4 ↗
21. C. Huang et al., Thermal stability and oxidation resistance of laser clad TiVCrAlSi high entropy alloy coatings on Ti–6Al–4V alloy. Surf. Coat. Technol. 206(6), 1389–1395 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.08.06310.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.08.063 ↗
22. D. Jiang et al., High entropy component-induced nanoscale shear banding and twinning enhance Ti6Al4V alloy surface properties. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 32, 1062–1073 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.07.22510.1016/j.jmrt.2024.07.225 ↗
23. D. Klaffke, Fretting wear of ceramics. Tribol. Int. 22(2), 89–101 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-679X(89)90169-210.1016/0301-679X(89)90169-2 ↗
24. P.S. Samuel Ratna Kumar, P.M. Mashinini, ‘Titanium alloys for aerospace structures and engines,’ in Aerospace Materials. (Elsevier, 2025), pp.227–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-22118-7.00009-910.1016/B978-0-443-22118-7.00009-9 ↗
25. K.S. Lee, Effect of elastic modulus mismatch on the contact crack initiation in hard ceramic coating layer. KSME International Journal 17(12), 1928–1937 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0298243210.1007/BF02982432 ↗
26. C. Li et al., Kinetics of titanium nitride synthesized with Ti and N2. Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 52, 165–170 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2015.06.00910.1016/j.ijrmhm.2015.06.009 ↗
27. Jiale Li et al., Microstructure and corrosive-wear properties of CoCrFeNiZrx high entropy alloy coating fabricated on Ti6Al4V by laser cladding. J. Alloys Compd. 1010, 177932 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.17793210.1016/j.jallcom.2024.177932 ↗
28. A. Marques et al., Inconel 718 produced by laser powder bed fusion: an overview of the influence of processing parameters on microstructural and mechanical properties. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 121(9–10), 5651–5675 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-09693-010.1007/s00170-022-09693-0 ↗
29. A. Molinari et al., Dry sliding wear mechanisms of the Ti6Al4V alloy. Wear 208(1–2), 105–112 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07454-610.1016/S0043-1648(96)07454-6 ↗
30. S. Mridha, Titanium nitride layer formation by TIG surface melting in a reactive environment. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 168(3), 471–477 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.02.24710.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.02.247 ↗
31. P. O’Kelly et al., Ti-Fe phase evolution and equilibria toward β-Ti superalloys. J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 44(6), 738–750 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01066-810.1007/s11669-023-01066-8 ↗
32. M.M. Pariona, A.F. Taques, L.A. Woiciechowski, The marangoni effect on microstructure properties and morphology of laser-treated Al-Fe alloy with single track by FEM: varying the laser beam velocity. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 119, 10–19 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.11.09710.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.11.097 ↗
33. G. Prabu et al., Microstructural evolution and wear behavior of AlCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy on Ti–6Al–4V through laser surface alloying. Met. Mater. Int. 27(7), 2328–2340 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-020-00873-910.1007/s12540-020-00873-9 ↗
34. E. Rabinowicz, L.A. Dunn, P.G. Russell, A study of abrasive wear under three-body conditions. Wear 4(5), 345–355 (1961). https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(61)90002-310.1016/0043-1648(61)90002-3 ↗
35. B.E. Rapp, ‘Fluids,’ in Microfluidics: Modelling, Mechanics and Mathematics. (Elsevier, 2017), pp.243–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4557-3141-1.50009-510.1016/B978-1-4557-3141-1.50009-5 ↗
36. G.A. Salishchev et al., Effect of Mn and V on structure and mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys based on CoCrFeNi system. J. Alloys Compd. 591, 11–21 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.12.21010.1016/j.jallcom.2013.12.210 ↗
37. O. Schauerte, Titanium in automotive production. Adv. Eng. Mater. 5(6), 411–418 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.20031009410.1002/adem.200310094 ↗
38. T. Srivatsan et al., An investigation of the influence of powder particle size on microstructure and hardness of bulk samples of tungsten carbide. Powder Technol. 122(1), 54–60 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(01)00391-610.1016/S0032-5910(01)00391-6 ↗
39. Y.S. Tian et al., Research progress on laser surface modification of titanium alloys. Appl. Surf. Sci. 242(1–2), 177–184 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.08.01110.1016/j.apsusc.2004.08.011 ↗
40. R.B. Waterhouse, Fretting fatigue. Int. Mater. Rev. 37(1), 77–98 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1179/imr.1992.37.1.7710.1179/imr.1992.37.1.77 ↗
41. F. Weng, C. Chen, H. Yu, Research status of laser cladding on titanium and its alloys: a review. Mater. Des. 58, 412–425 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.01.07710.1016/j.matdes.2014.01.077 ↗
42. J. Xu et al., Diffusion of nitrogen in solid titanium at elevated temperature and the influence on the microstructure. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 12, 125–137 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.02.07310.1016/j.jmrt.2021.02.073 ↗
43. T. Xu et al., BCC/B2 structure and dislocation strengthening behavior in high Ti content TiAlVCrNb high-entropy alloys. J. Alloy. Compd. 956, 170179 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.17017910.1016/j.jallcom.2023.170179 ↗
44. P. Zhang et al., The microstructures and mechanical properties of martensite Ti and TiN phases in a Ti6Al4V laser-assisted nitriding layer. Mater. Charact. 178, 111262 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2021.11126210.1016/j.matchar.2021.111262 ↗
45. D. Zhao et al., Ordered nitrogen complexes overcoming strength–ductility trade-off in an additively manufactured high-entropy alloy. Virtual Phys. Prototyp. 15(sup1), 532–542 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/17452759.2020.184078310.1080/17452759.2020.1840783 ↗
46. J. Zhou et al., In-situ laser surface remelting of laser powder bed fused AlSi10Mg alloy at argon and nitrogen protective gases: multiscale analysis. Opt. Laser Technol. 181, 111631 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2024.11163110.1016/j.optlastec.2024.111631 ↗