journal article·2026-03

Ultraviolet-assisted synthesis of sludge-derived activated carbon/TiO2 composites for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of alkali lignin: molecular dynamic simulation and experimental study

En Shi, Xiaoyue Dou, Miao Zhang, Zhixiao Zhu, Junliang Yi, Lin Liu, Shiyao Feng

Applied Physics A· Volume 132· Issue 3
Publisher page

Abstract

No abstract is available for this record. The assistant can identify its topic from the title, but cannot infer the study’s results.

Source: Not provided · Quality: missing

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Lignin and Wood Chemistry · Enzyme-mediated dye degradation · Advanced oxidation water treatment

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (46)

Show source-provided references
1. D. Elsa, C.R. Luanna, de, Moura. Amaia, Morales. Jalel, Labidi. Eduardo, Robles. Fatima. Charrier-El. Bouhtoury. Efficient lignin precipitation from softwood black liquor using organic acids for sustainable valorization. Polymers. 17, 926 (2025)10.3390/polym17070926 ↗
2. M. Vedichi, S. Mani, Enhanced microwave and photocatalytic decomposition of synthetic lignin wastewater by TiO2 nanoparticles coated on activated carbon. Mater. Today: Proc. 47 (3), 800–806 (2021)10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.771 ↗
3. A. Molea, V. Popescu, N.A. Rowson, I. Cojocaru, A. Dinescu, A. Dehelean, M. Lazar, Correlation of physicochemical properties with the catalytic performance of Fe-doped titanium dioxide powders. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 54(29), 7272–7279 (2015)
4. R. Senthamarai, V.M. Ramakrishnan, P. Murugan, A.P. Munusamy, S. Kulandhaivel, Synthesis and characterization of nickel-doped TiO2 nanoparticles by green method and its performance as dye-sensitized solar cells photoanodes. Int. J. Energy Res. 46(5), 5671–5682 (2022)
5. K. Nagaveni, M.S. Hegde, G. Madras, Structure and photocatalytic activity of Ti₁₋ₓMₓO₂±δ (M = W, V, Ce, Zr, Fe, and Cu) synthesized by solution combustion method. J. Phys. Chem. B 108(52), 20204–20212 (2004)10.1021/jp047917v ↗
6. R. Asahi, T. Morikawa, T. Ohwaki, K. Aoki, Y. Taga, Visible-light photocatalysis in nitrogen-doped titanium oxides. Science. 293(5528), 269–271 (2001)10.1126/science.1061051 ↗
7. T. Ohno, Preparation of visible-light-active S-doped TiO2 photocatalysts and their photocatalytic activities. Water Sci. Technol. 50(5), 203–209 (2004)10.2166/wst.2004.0329 ↗
8. K.Y. Kumar, H. Saini, D. Pandiarajan, M.K. Prashanth, L. Parashuram, M.S. Raghu, Controllable synthesis of TiO2 chemically bonded graphene for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and dye degradation. Catal. Today. 335, 364–373 (2019)
9. G. Jia, Y. Wang, X. Cui, W. Zheng, Highly Carbon-Doped TiO2 derived from MXene boosting the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 6(10), 13480–13486 (2018)10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b03406 ↗
10. Q. Song, Y. Hua, Y. Yu, C. Chen, B. Wu, X. Dai, Impediments to bioaccessibility in the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge: an in-depth review of challenges and influencing factors. Energy Environ. Sustain. 1, 100026 (2025)
11. S. Virmani, A. Arora, S. Kaushik, A. Suman, Lignin Degradation by Isolated Lignolytic Acinetobacter Baumanii S2, Aspergillus Niger SF4 and Rhodotorula Glutinis and Profiling Products from Bio-Valorization Perspective (Waste Biomass Valor, 2023)10.1007/s12649-023-02140-5 ↗
12. Z. Wang, R. Wang, H. Yuan, Zhu, N. A novel strategy for high efficiency of anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge by using a Fe-Cu microelectrolysis method: performance, electron transfer, key enzymes and microbial community. Water Res. 287, 124322 (2025)10.1016/j.watres.2025.124322 ↗
13. L. Wang, L. Liang, N. Li, G. Chen, H. Guo, L.A. Hou, Mini-Review of Sludge-Derived Biochar (SDB) for wastewater treatment: recent advances in 2020–2025. Appl. Sci. 15(11), 6173 (2025)10.3390/app15116173 ↗
14. V. Ramya, D. Murugan, C. Lajapathirai, A. Sivasamy, Activated carbon (prepared from secondary sludge biomass) supported semiconductor zinc oxide nanocomposite photocatalyst for reduction of cr (VI) under visible light irradiation. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 6, 7327-7337 (2018)10.1016/j.jece.2018.08.055 ↗
15. B. Tahir, M. Tahir, A. Airaeesi, N. Kumar, Photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction with water to CO and CH4 over Bio-sludge modified TiO2 composite. Chem. Eng. Trans. 113, 193–198 (2024)
16. J. Zou, Y. Dai, X. Wang, Z. Ren, C. Tian, K. Pan, S. Li, M. Abuobeidah, H. Fu, Structure and adsorption properties of sewage sludge-derived carbon with removal of inorganic impurities and high porosity. Bioresour Technol. 142, 644–650 (2013)
17. S. Guan, Y. Cheng, L. Hao, H. Yoshida, C. Tarashima, T. Zhan, T. Itoi, T. Qiu, Y. Lu, Oxygen vacancies induced band gap narrowing for efficient Visible-Light response in Carbon-Doped TiO2. Sci. Rep. 13, 14189 (2023)10.1038/s41598-023-40658-9 ↗
18. A. Lin, D. Qi, H. Ding, L. Wang, M. Xing, B. Shen, J. Zhang, Carbon-doped titanium dioxide nanocrystals for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells. Catalysts. 281, 547–553 (2017)
19. A.C. Martins, A.L. Cazetta, O. Pezoti, J.R.B. Souza, T. Zhang, E.J. Pilau, T. Asefa, V. Almeida, C. Sol-gel synthesis of new TiO2/activated carbon photocatalyst and its application for degradation of Tetracycline. Ceram. Int. 43(5), 4411–4418 (2017)10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.12.088 ↗
20. M. Li, S. Magdassi, Y. Gao, Y. Long, Hydrothermal synthesis of VO₂ polymorphs: Advantages, challenges and prospects for the application of energy efficient smart windows. Small. 13(36), 1701147 (2017)10.1002/smll.201701147 ↗
21. M. Macino, A.J. Barnes, S.M. Althahban, R. Qu, E.K. Gibson, D.J. Morgan, S.J. Freakley, N. Dimitratos, C.J. Kiely, X. Gao, A.M. Beale, D. Bethell, Q. He, M. Sankar, G.J. Hutchings, Tuning of catalytic sites in Pt/TiO2 catalysts for the chemoselective hydrogenation of 3-nitrostyrene. Nat. Catal. 2, 873–881 (2019)10.1038/s41929-019-0334-3 ↗
22. H. Lyu, Q. Zhang, B. Shen, Application of Biochar and its composites in catalysis. Chemosphere. 240, 124842 (2020)10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124842 ↗
23. M. Nasirian, M. Mehrvar, Photocatalytic degradation of aqueous Methyl orange using nitrogen-doped TiO2 photocatalyst prepared by novel method of ultraviolet-assisted thermal synthesis. J. Environ. Sci. 68, 205–216 (2018)
24. S. Ranjan, D.D. Sasselov, Influence of the UV environment on the synthesis of prebiotic molecules. Astrobiology. 16(1), 68–88 (2016)10.1089/ast.2015.1359 ↗
25. G. Williams, B. Seger, P.V. Kamat, TiO2-Graphene Nanocomposites. UV-Assisted photocatalytic reduction of graphene oxide. ACS Nano. 2(7), 1487–1491 (2008)10.1021/nn800251f ↗
26. Z. Li, S. Wang, J. Wu, W. Zhou, Recent progress in defective TiO2 photocatalysts for energy and environmental applications. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 157, 111980 (2022)10.1016/j.rser.2021.111980 ↗
27. Y. Chen, C. Hong, Q. Xu, H. Zheng, C. Wang, H. Lu, S. Zhang, M. Du, G. Zeng, Visible-Light enhancement of Bio-Carbon Quantum-Dot-Decorated TiO2 for naphthalene removal. Molecules. 29(11), 2708 (2024)10.3390/molecules29112708 ↗
28. E.P.E. Ruiz, J.L. Lago, S.P. Thirumuruganandham, Experimental studies on TiO2 NT with metal dopants through Co-Precipitation, Sol–Gel, hydrothermal scheme and corresponding computational molecular evaluations. Materials. 16(8), 3076 (2023)10.3390/ma16083076 ↗
29. R. Asahi, T. Morikawa, T. Ohwaki, K. Aoki, Y. Taga, Visible-Light photocatalysis in Nitrogen-Doped titanium oxides. Sci. 293(5528), 269–271 (2001)10.1126/science.1061051 ↗
30. K. Yang, Y. Dai, B. Huang, M.-H. Whangbo, Density functional characterization of the Visible-Light absorption in substitutional C-Anion- and C-Cation-Doped TiO2. J. Phys. Chem. C 113(6), 2624–2631 (2009)10.1021/jp808483a ↗
31. Z. Shayegan, F. Haghighat, C.-S. Lee, Carbon-doped TiO2 film to enhance visible and UV light photocatalytic degradation of indoor environment volatile organic compounds. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 8(5), 104162 (2020)10.1016/j.jece.2020.104162 ↗
32. K. Wang, Y. Zhou, W. Xu, D. Huang, Z. Wang, M. Hong, Fabrication and thermal stability of two-dimensional carbide Ti3C2 nanosheets. Ceram. Int. 42(7), 8419–8425 (2016)10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.02.059 ↗
33. S.S. Ghumro, B. Lal, T. Pirzada, Visible-Light-Driven Carbon-Doped TiO2-Based nanocatalysts for enhanced activity toward microbes and removal of dye. ACS Omega. 7(5), 4684–4696 (2022)10.1021/acsomega.1c06112 ↗
34. S.N.B. Saiful Amran, V. Wongso, N.S. Abdul Halim, M.K. Husni, N.S. Sambudi, M.D.H. Wirzal, Immobilized Carbon-Doped TiO2 in polyamide fibers for the degradation of methylene blue. J. Asian Ceram. Soc. 7(4), 459–467 (2019)
35. Y. Liao, J. Qian, G. Xie, Q. Han, W. Dang, Y. Wang, L. Lv, S. Zhao, L. Luo, W. Zhang, H.-Y. Jiang, Tang, J.2D-layered Ti3C2 MXenes for promoted synthesis of NH₃ on P25 photocatalysts. Appl. Catal. B 268, 119054 (2020)10.1016/j.apcatb.2020.119054 ↗
36. W. Yuan, L. Cheng, Y. Zhang, H. Wu, S. Lv, L. Chai, X. Guo, Zheng, L.2D-Layered Carbon/ TiO2 hybrids derived from Ti3C2 MXenes for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under Visible-Light irradiation. Adv. Mater. Interfaces. 4(21), 1700577 (2017)10.1002/admi.201700577 ↗
37. S. Chen, Y. Xiao, Y. Wang, Z. Hu, H. Zhao, Xie, W. A facile approach to prepare black TiO2 with oxygen vacancy for enhancing photocatalytic activity. Nanomaterials. 8(4), 245 (2018)10.3390/nano8040245 ↗
38. S. Guan, Y. Cheng, L. Hao, H. Yoshida, C. Tarashima, T. Zhan, T. Itoi, T. Qiu, Y. Lu, Oxygen vacancies induced band gap narrowing for efficient visible-light response in carbon-doped TiO2. Sci. Rep. 13, 14105 (2023)10.1038/s41598-023-39523-6 ↗
39. J.P. Perdew, W. Yang, K. Burke, Z. Yang, E.K.U. Gross, M. Scheffler, G.E. Scuseria, T.M. Henderson, I.Y. Zhang, A. Ruzsinszky, H. Peng, J. Sun, E. Trushin, Görling, A. Understanding band gaps of solids in generalized Kohn-Sham theory. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 114 (11), 2801–2806 (2017)10.1073/pnas.1621352114 ↗
40. K. Xie, Q. Jia, Y. Wang, W. Zhang, J. Xu, The electronic structure and optical properties of anatase TiO2 with rare Earth metal dopants from First-Principles calculations. Materials. 11, 179 (2018)10.3390/ma11020179 ↗
41. X. Lang, X. Liu, J. Xue, D. Li, L. Cao, H. Zhang, First-Principles study of Configurations, electronic and photocatalytic properties of Carbon-Doped anatase TiO2. Phys. B 621, 413443 (2021)
42. C. Freysoldt, B. Grabowski, T. Hickel, J. Neugebauer, G. Kresse, A. Janotti, Van de C.G. Walle, First-Principles calculations for point defects in solids. Rev. Mod. Phys. 86, 253–305 (2014)10.1103/RevModPhys.86.253 ↗
43. H. Chen, X.C. Li, R.D. Wan, Theoretical studies on the electronic structure and optical absorption property of (Ni, C) co-doped anatase TiO2. Comput. Condens. Matter. 13, 16–28 (2017)10.1016/j.cocom.2017.08.005 ↗
44. C. Parvathiraja, S. Katheria, M.R. Siddiqui, S.M. Wabaidur, M.A. Islam, W.-C. Lai, Activated carbon-loaded titanium dioxide nanoparticles and their photocatalytic and antibacterial investigations. Catalysts. 12(8), 834 (2022)10.3390/catal12080834 ↗
45. F. Paparoni, G. Tchoudinov, Di A. Cicco, E. Fonda, A. Zitolo, Unraveling oxygen vacancy formation, dynamics and site distribution in MoO3-x thin films. Mater. Chem. Phys. 333, 130317 (2025)10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130317 ↗
46. M. Zhou, X. Li, L. Zhang, Y. Qin, H. Xu, D. Yang, B. Wang, L. Chen, C. Zhao, W. Liu, Mechanistic studies of milled and kraft lignin oxidation by radical species. Green. Chem. 22(4), 1335–1348 (2020)