Hall effect investigation on bulk Y$$_3$$Ba$$_5$$Cu$$_8$$O$$_{18\pm \delta} $$ ceramic superconductors doped with tin-oxide nanoparticles

In this investigation, the high-temperature bulk Y(_3)Ba(_5)Cu(_8)O(_{18pm delta} ) (abbreviated-Y358) ceramic superconductors including pure and added with 0.50 wt% of Tin-oxide (SnO(_2)) nanoparticles were prepared by the solid state reaction approach. Resistivity, resistance and Hall effect measurements upon this material were performed. The experiments show that the sign of carriers exceeding the 92.75 and 94.5 K transition temperatures are positive with densities of 1.63655 ( imes) 10(²¹)cm(^-3) and 2.09123 ( imes) 10(²¹)cm(^-3) for pure and doped samples undergoing 400 mT magnetic field respectively. The value of the Hall coefficient in this region is also reported. At lower the transition temperature, the Hall coefficient declined by rates of a minimum 10 and 5 associated with pristine and doped samples correspondingly. In the region where the superconducting materials are bounded by normal areas, resistivity and resistance increased by factors of (sim)15 and (sim)10 compared with the related values nearby (T_mathrm{{c zero}}) regions for pure and doped composites respectively. Ultimately, adding Sn into Y358 compound decreased the Hall coefficient compared to the pure sample.