Effect of size, shape, orientation, pressure and temperature on elastic properties of nanomaterials

A theoretical formulism is developed to study the impact of temperature and pressure on nanomaterials. Here Shankar equation of state for solids is extended using an analytic model given by Jiang for nanomaterials. The effect of size, dimension and orientation of nanomaterial on the elastic properties is studied. Bulk modulus is found to decrease as the size of nanomaterials is increased for inward relaxation whereas increase in bulk modulus of nanomaterials with increase in size is found for outward relaxation. Volume expansion coefficient variation is inverse of bulk modulus. The volume decreases as the pressure on the nanomaterials is increased at room temperature, however, volume expansion occurs in nanomaterials with increase in temperature. The nanomaterials of Cu, Ag, Ni, ZnO, SnO2, CeO2, TiO2, ZrO2 and AlN are considered in the present study. The present model results are found in good agreement with the available experimental and theoretically simulated results which justify the present model theory.