Ferrocene-integrated conjugated microporous polymer nanosheets: Active and regenerative catalysts for photomediated controlled radical polymerization

Abstract The challenge of light-driven controlled radical polymerization through non-noble metal catalyst remains the most significant issue. Ferrocene-bearing microporous aromatic polymer nanosheets (termed “FeMAP-11”) that feature high chemical stability were reported here to synergistically combine the advantageous properties of the redox-active ferrocene units and the conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), and to be able to serve as photocatalyst for activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (AGET-ATRP). It succeeded in initiating polymerizations of 3 common vinyl monomers, i.e. methyl methacrylate (MMA), methacrylate (MA) and styrene (St), and produced polymers with controlled molecular weight and relatively low molecular weight dispersity (˜1.3). Benefiting from steric hindrance through ketone-amine chemistry, the microporous catalyst with tolerance to acidic and basic media was found stable under the AGET-ATRP conditions. It showed negligible metal leaching and good recyclability for at least 10 cycles without sacrifice of its catalytic performance. Our tests proved that FeMAP-11 exceeded the state-of-the-art ATRP photocatalysts such as UiO-66-NH2, titanium MOF-901 and the commercial P-25 Titania, demonstrating promising potential in catalysis in view of green chemistry.