Cell membrane camouflaged mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles embedding glucose oxidase for enhancing targeted anti-tumor catalytic therapy

Breast cancer has emerged as the most diagnosed common cancer, accounting for approximately 11.7% of all cases globally, and is a considerable threat to human health. The construction of a nano-drug delivery system highly relevant to the clinically real world is a timeless and urgent matter. Here, we present an intelligent bioinspired nano-platform based on mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBG NPs) combined with cell membrane camouflage and enzyme-catalyzed killing to suppress in situ breast cancer. M0 phenotype macrophages were identified as possessing a specific high infiltration fraction in breast cancer patients using TCGA analysis and were consequently selected as cell membrane-derived donors. Subsequently, the macrophage-coated MBG NPs exhibited superior evasion of clearance by myeloid lineage cells (monocytes, neutrophils, and dendritic cells) and favorable targeting properties to breast cancer tumors compared to cell membrane-free and breast cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles. The macrophage membrane-camouflaged MBG NPs were then applied to load the glucose oxidase (GOx), followed by catalyzing glucose to trigger intense oxidative stress and death of breast cancer cells, thereby inhibiting tumor progression. Additionally, the macrophage membrane camouflaged MBG embedding glucose oxidase delivery system effectively overcomes the dramatic changes in hematological and biochemical parameters with non-specific glucose catalysis, conceivably minimizing the risk of toxicity. Taken together, our findings pave the way for constructing an intelligent biomimetic MBG nano-loading enzyme platform suitable for targeted breast cancer therapy.