Carbon fluorides for rechargeable batteries
Source abstract
Abstract
For almost half a century, lithium/carbon fluorides (Li/CFx) batteries have been considered irreversible in liquid electrolyte, but they still have attractive features such as a flat discharge plateau, a wide operating temperature window, and outstanding shelf life. Such benefits have spurred interest in developing rechargeable CFx batteries. To date, different metal/CFx batteries have been developed, including Li/CFx, Na/CFx, Mg/CFx, Al/CFx, and K/CFx batteries. This review introduces progress made in rechargeable metal/CFx batteries, as well as their reaction mechanisms. Moreover, the design rules for rechargeable metal/CFx batteries are proposed based on the relationships between CFx materials, electrode structure, electrolytes, and electrochemical performance. This review offers guidance for developing advanced rechargeable CFx batteries, and inspires further exploration for batteries with higher energy density and cycle life.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds · Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Fiber-reinforced polymer composites
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (71)
Show source-provided references
1. Conversion cathodes for rechargeable lithium and lithium-ion batteries10.1039/C6EE02326F ↗
2. Fluorine compounds as energy conversion materials10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.02.007 ↗
3. High-temperature electrochemical performance of FeF3/C nanocomposite as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries10.1007/s11665-018-3167-3 ↗
4. Amorphous FeF3/C nanocomposite cathode derived from metal–organic frameworks for sodium ion batteries10.1039/C7RA03592F ↗
5. Study of sodium manganese fluorides as positive electrodes for Na-ion batteries10.1016/j.ssi.2015.05.023 ↗
6. Cathode performance and voltage estimation of metal trihalides10.1016/S0378-7753(96)02580-3 ↗
7. Carbon-metal fluoride nanocomposites: structure and electrochemistry of FeF3:C10.1149/1.1596162 ↗
8. Fluoride based electrode materials for advanced energy storage devices10.1016/j.jfluchem.2006.11.016 ↗
9. Comparative electrochemical study of low temperature fluorinated graphite used as cathode in primary lithium batteries10.1149/1.2795117 ↗
10. Applicative performances of fluorinated carbons through fluorination routes: a review10.1016/j.jfluchem.2011.06.013 ↗
11. K. Watanabe, M. Fukuda, Primary cell for electric batteries, U.S. Patent, US, 3536532A, 1970‒10‒27.
12. K. Watanabe, M. Fukuda, High energy density battery, U.S. Patent, US, 3700502A, 1972‒10‒24.
13. A reversible electrode based on graphite fluoride prepared at room temperature for lithium intercalation10.1016/0167-2738(90)90168-Q ↗
14. Development of Li/(CFx)n battery at Sandia National Laboratories for long-lived power sources applications10.1149/1.2992490 ↗
15. High specific energy lithium primary batteries as power sources for deep space exploration10.1149/2.1061810jes ↗
16. Radiation effects on lithium CFx batteries for future spacecraft and landers10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228464 ↗
17. Lithium batteries for biomedical applications10.1557/mrs2002.199 ↗
18. Disruptive Li-CFx primary technology for next generation of launchers
19. Fluorinated graphite nanosheets for ultrahigh-capacity lithium primary batteries10.1007/s12598-020-01692-y ↗
20. Defective nano-structure regulating C–F bond for lithium/fluorinated carbon batteries with dual high-performance10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107905 ↗
21. Highly oriented fluorinated carbon nanotube arrays for high specific capacity lithium primary battery10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.166452 ↗
22. A study on state of charge estimation method for lithium carbon fluorides primary batteries10.1149/1945-7111/acad34 ↗
23. The influence of electrolyte concentration and solvent on operational voltage of Li/CFx primary batteries elucidated by Nernst Equation10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231193 ↗
24. Fluorinated graphites as energetic cathodes for nonaqueous Al batteries10.1149/1.1481797 ↗
25. Rechargeable room-temperature CFx‒sodium battery10.1021/am4051348 ↗
26. Synthesis and reaction mechanism of novel fluorinated carbon fiber as a high-voltage cathode material for rechargeable Na batteries10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03762 ↗
27. Enhanced electrochemical activity of rechargeable carbon fluorides–sodium battery with catalysts10.1016/j.carbon.2015.05.092 ↗
28. Amorphous, highly disordered carbon fluorides as a novel cathode for sodium secondary batteries10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b07126 ↗
29. Sandwich–like structure of carbon fluoride/graphene oxide/polyacrylonitrile cathode for lithium and sodium batteries10.1002/celc.201600712 ↗
30. Long-life sodium/carbon fluoride batteries with flexible, binder-free fluorinated mesocarbon microbead film electrodes10.1039/C7CC08349A ↗
31. A low-overpotential sodium/fluorinated graphene battery based on silver nanoparticles as catalyst10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.011 ↗
32. Reaction mechanism and structural evolution of fluorographite cathodes in solid-state K/Na/Li batteries
33. Matching poly(vinylidene fluoride) and β″-Al2O3 for hybrid electrolyte membrane for advanced solid-state sodium batteries10.1149/1945-7111/ac201f ↗
34. Improving the electrochemical performance of fluorinated carbons by solvent co-intercalation for rechargeable Na-ion battery cathodes
35. Electrolyte-assisted dissolution-recrystallization mechanism towards high energy density and power density CF cathodes in potassium cell10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.104552 ↗
36. Reversible potassium storage in ultrafine CFx: a superior cathode material for potassium batteries and its mechanism10.1016/j.jechem.2020.05.024 ↗
37. Fluorinated soft carbon as an ultra–high energy density potassium–ion battery cathode enabled by a ternary phase KxFC10.1016/j.jechem.2022.10.027 ↗
38. Magnesium batteries: towards a first use of graphite fluorides10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.04.067 ↗
39. Green fluorination of natural graphite and its application in rechargeable magnesium ion transfer battery10.1149/1.3610991 ↗
40. Rechargeable magnesium carbon-fluoride battery with electrolyte gel of ionic liquid and low molecular weight gelator10.1149/2.0291410jes ↗
41. Transition-metal-free magnesium-based batteries activated by anionic insertion into fluorinated graphene nanosheets10.1002/adfm.201503010 ↗
42. Graphite fluoride as a cathode material for primary magnesium batteries with high energy density10.1016/j.electacta.2016.05.198 ↗
43. Fluorinated (Nano)Carbons: CFx electrodes and CFx-based batteries10.1002/ente.202000605 ↗
44. Fundamentals of Li/CFx battery design and application10.1039/D2EE04179K ↗
45. Fluorinated carbons as rechargeable Li-ion battery cathodes in the voltage window of 0.5–4.8 V10.1021/acsami.1c05332 ↗
46. Rechargeable graphite fluoride electrodes realized by fluoride anion insertion and deinsertion10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c01850 ↗
47. Semi-ionic C–F bond enabling fluorinated carbons rechargeable as Li-ion batteries cathodes10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.108 ↗
48. Commercialisation of high energy density sodium-ion batteries: Faradion's journey and outlook10.1039/D1TA00376C ↗
49. Advances in vanadium-redoxed polyanions for high-voltage sodium-ion batteries10.3390/batteries9010056 ↗
50. The effect of carbon starting material on carbon fluoride synthesized at room temperature: characterization and electrochemistry10.1149/1.1354612 ↗
51. High-power-density, high-energy-density fluorinated graphene for primary lithium batteries10.3389/fchem.2018.00050 ↗
52. Plasma-enhanced fluorination of multi-walled carbon nanotubes for CFx cathode materials with ultrahigh electrochemical performance10.1063/5.0095063 ↗
53. Study on the thermal effect in ultra-fast plasma-enhanced fluorination for high-quality CFx cathode materials10.1016/j.diamond.2022.109545 ↗
54. Toward promising cathode catalysts for nonlithium metal–oxygen batteries
55. Graphite fluorides prepared at room temperature 1. Synthesis and characterization10.1016/0379-6779(88)90338-4 ↗
56. Spectroscopic investigation of plasma-fluorinated monolayer graphene and application for gas sensing10.1021/acsami.5b11872 ↗
57. Optimization of multi-walled carbon nanotube based CFx electrodes for improved primary and secondary battery performances10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.076 ↗
58. Fabrication of fully fluorinated graphene nanosheets towards, high-performance lithium storage10.1002/admi.201300149 ↗
59. Revisiting discharge mechanism of CFx as a high energy density cathode material for lithium primary battery
60. Edge-propagation discharge mechanism in CFx batteries―A first-principles and experimental study10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04676 ↗
61. Composite cathode materials for next-generation lithium fluorinated carbon primary batteries10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231716 ↗
62. Unraveling nanoscale electrochemical dynamics of graphite fluoride by in situ electron microscopy: key difference between lithiation and sodiation10.1039/D0TA00093K ↗
63. Beyond transition metal oxide cathodes for electric aviation: the case of rechargeable CFx10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01815 ↗
64. First-principles study of lithium and sodium atoms intercalation in fluorinated graphite10.15302/J-ENG-2015039 ↗
65. Review of emerging concepts in SEI analysis and artificial SEI membranes for lithium, sodium, and potassium metal battery anodes
66. Overview of the recent progress of suppressing the dendritic growth on lithium metal anode for rechargeable batteries
67. Engineering Li metal anode for garnet-based solid-state batteries10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00822 ↗
68. Interface crystallographic optimization of crystal plane for stable metallic lithium anode10.1021/acsami.2c08278 ↗
69. Localized recrystallization of a lithium-metal anode during fast stripping in high-activity liquid electrolytes10.1021/acsami.2c17379 ↗
70. Phosphonate-functionalized ionic liquid gel polymer electrolyte with high safety for dendrite-free lithium metal batteries10.1021/acsami.2c18298 ↗
71. Production of high-energy 6-Ah-level Li | |LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 multi-layer pouch cells via negative electrode protective layer coating strategy10.1038/s41467-023-39391-8 ↗