The chemistry behind 4D printing
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract One of the latest hot topics in materials science is four-dimensional printing, where the fourth dimension refers to time. A component with a 4D effect can change its shape over time upon an external stimulus. The combination of additive manufacturing techniques with knowledge based on shape-memory materials allows exploring different approaches for the fabrication of 4D devices. However, the chemistry responsible for the morphing effect of polymeric materials is often not explicit, despite the increasing number of published papers on this topic. For specific applications, only the chemical modification of the polymeric materials allows obtaining the required features and characteristics for 4D printing. This paper aims to provide a state of the art of the polymeric materials and available printing techniques used in 4D fabrication. The chemical concepts responsible for shape transformations, as well as the chemical reactions conducted for base material modification, are discussed.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced Materials and Mechanics · Polymer composites and self-healing · Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (100+)
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