journal article·2014-08Open access

Identification of Fracture Toughness for Discrete Damage Mechanics Analysis of Glass-Epoxy Laminates

E. J. Barbero, F. A. Cosso, X. Martinez

Applied Composite Materials· Volume 21· Issue 4

Abstract

A methodology for determination of the intralaminar fracture toughness is presented, based on fitting discrete damage mechanics (DDM) model predictions to available experimental data. DDM is constitutive model that, when incorporated into commercial finite element software via user material subroutines, is able to predict intralaminar transverse and shear damage initiation and evolution in terms of the fracture toughness of the composite. The applicability of the DDM model is studied by comparison to available experimental data for Glass-Epoxy laminates. Sensitivity of the DDM model to h- and p-refinement is studied. Also, the effect of in-situ correction of strength is highlighted.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Mechanical Behavior of Composites · Structural Analysis of Composite Materials · Epoxy Resin Curing Processes

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (47)

Show source-provided references
1. Barbero, E.J.: Prediction of compression strength of unidirectional polymer matrix composites. J. Compos. Mater. 32(5), 483–502 (1998)10.1177/002199839803200504 ↗
2. Puck, A., Schürmann, H.: Failure analysis of FRP laminates by means of physically based phenomenological models. Compos. Sci. Technol. 62, 1633–1662 (2002)10.1016/S0266-3538(01)00208-1 ↗
3. Davila, C., Camanho, P.: Failure Criteria for FRP Laminates in Plane Stress, pp. 1–28. NASA/TM-2003-212663 (2003)10.2514/6.2003-1991 ↗
4. Barbero, E.J.: Introduction to Composite Materials Design, 2nd edn.CRC Press, Boca Raton (2010)10.1201/9781439894132 ↗
5. Ladevèze, P., Allix, O., Deü, J.F., Lévêque, D.: A mesomodel for localisation and damage computation in laminates. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 183(1–2), 105–122 (2000)10.1016/S0045-7825(99)00214-5 ↗
6. Ladevèze, P., Allix, O., Douchin, B., Lévêque, D.: A computational method for damage intensity prediction in a laminated composite structure. In: Idelsohn, S., Oñate, E., Dvorkin, E. (eds.) Computational Mechanics. New Trends and Applications. CIMNE, Barcelona (1998)
7. Ladevèze, P.: A damage mesomodel of laminate composites. In: Lemaitre, J. (ed.) Handbook of Materials Behavior Models: Nonlinear Models and Properties, pp. 1004–1014. Academic, New York (2001)10.1016/B978-012443341-0/50102-2 ↗
8. Abisset, E., Daghia, F., Ladevèze, P.: On the validation of a damage mesomodel for laminated composites by means of open-hole tensile tests on quasi-isotropic laminates . Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 42(10), 1515–1524 (2011)10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.07.004 ↗
9. Rastellini, F., Oller, S., Salomón, O., Oñate, E.: Composite materials non-linear modelling for long fibre-reinforced laminates: continuum basis, computational aspects and validations. Comput. Struct. 86(9), 879–896 (2008)10.1016/j.compstruc.2007.04.009 ↗
10. Martinez, X., Oller, S., Barbero, E.: Study of delamination in composites by using the serial/parallel mixing theroy and a damage formulation. In: Camanho, P. (ed.) Mechanical Response of Composites, pp. 119–140. Springer, New York (2008)10.1007/978-1-4020-8584-0_6 ↗
11. Martinez, X., Oller, S.: Numerical simulation of matrix reinforced composite materials subjected to compression loads. Arch. Comput. Methods Eng. 16(4), 357–397 (2009)10.1007/s11831-009-9036-3 ↗
12. Martinez, X., Rastellini, F., Oller, S., Flores, F., Oñate, E.: Computationally optimized formulation for the simulation of composite materials and delamination failures. Compos. B: Eng. 42(2), 134–144 (2011)10.1016/j.compositesb.2010.09.013 ↗
13. Nuismer, R.J., Tan, S.C.: Constitutive relations of a cracked composite lamina. J. Compos. Mater. 22, 306–321 (1988)10.1177/002199838802200401 ↗
14. Tan, S.C., Nuismer, R.J.: A theory for progressive matrix cracking in composite laminates. J. Compos. Mater. 23, 1029–1047 (1989)10.1177/002199838902301006 ↗
15. Li, S., Reid, S.R., Soden, P.D.: A continuum damage model for transverse matrix cracking in laminated fibre-reinforced composites. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond., Ser. A (Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.) 356, 2379–2412 (1998)10.1098/rsta.1998.0278 ↗
16. Adolfsson, E., Gudmundson, P.: Matrix crack initiation and progression in composite laminates subjected to bending and extension. Int. J. Solids Struct. 36, 3131–3169 (1999)10.1016/S0020-7683(98)00142-5 ↗
17. Nairn, J.A.: Polymer Matrix Composites, Comprehensive Composite Materials, Chapter Matrix Microcracking in Composites, vol. 2, pp. 403–432. Elsevier Science (2000)10.1016/B0-08-042993-9/00069-3 ↗
18. Berthelot, J.M.: Transverse cracking and delamination in cross-ply glass-fiber and carbon-fiber reinforced plastic laminates: static and fatigue loading. Appl. Mech. Rev. 56, 111–147 (2003)10.1115/1.1519557 ↗
19. Nairn, J.A.: Finite Fracture Mechanics of Matrix Microcracking in Composites. Application of Fracture Mechanics to Polymers, Adhesives and Composites, pp. 207–212. Elsevier (2004)
20. Lim, S.H., Li, S.: Energy release rates for transverse cracking and delaminations induced by transverse cracks in laminated composites. Compos. A 36(11), 1467–1476 (2005)10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.03.015 ↗
21. Katerelos, D.T.G., Varna, J., Galiotis, C.: Energy criterion for modeling damage evolution in cross-ply composite laminates. Compos. Sci. Technol. 68, 2318–2324 (2008)10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.09.014 ↗
22. Katerelos, D.T.G., Kashtalyan, M., Soutis, C., Galiotis, C.: Matrix cracking in polymeric composites laminates: modeling and experiments. Compos. Sci. Technol. 68, 2310–2317 (2008)10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.09.013 ↗
23. Adumitroaie, A., Barbero, E.J.: Intralaminar damage model for laminates subjected to membrane and flexural deformations. Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15376494.2013.79654110.1080/15376494.2013.796541 ↗
24. Matzenmiller, A., Lubliner, J., Taylor, R.: A constitutive model for anisotropic damage in fiber-composites. Mech. Mater. 20, 125–152 (1995)10.1016/0167-6636(94)00053-0 ↗
25. Camanho, P., Davila, C.: Mixed-Mode Decohesion Finite Elements for the Simulation of Delamination in Composite Materials, pp. 1–37. NASA/TM-2002-211737 (2002)
26. Simulia: Abaqus Analysis User’s Manual, version 6.12, section 24.3.
27. GENOA Virtual Testing & Analysis Software, Alpha STAR Corporation. http://www.ascgenoa.com
28. Helius: MCT Composite Materials Analysis Software, Firehole Composites. http://www.firehole.com/products/mct/
29. Barbero, E.J.: Finite Element Analysis of Composite Materials using Abaqus. Web resource: http://barbero.cadec-online.com/feacm-abaqus
30. Barbero, E.J.: Finite Element Analysis of Composite Materials Using ANSYS. Web Resource: http://barbero.cadec-online.com/feacm-ansys
31. Barbero, E., Cortes, D.: A mechanistic model for transverse damage initiation, evolution, and stiffness reduction in laminated composites. Compos. B 41, 124–132 (2010)10.1016/j.compositesb.2009.10.001 ↗
32. Oliver, J.: A consistent characteristic length for smeared cracking models. Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. 28(2), 461–474, 02 (1989)10.1002/nme.1620280214 ↗
33. Barbero, E.J., De Vivo, L.: Constitutive model for elastic damage in fiber-reinforced pmc laminae. Int. J. Damage Mech. 10(1), 73–93 (2001)10.1106/6PQ6-31JW-F69K-74LU ↗
34. Barbero, E.J., Cosso, F.A., Roman, R., Weadon, T.L.: Determination of material parameters for Abaqus progressive damage analysis of E-Glass Epoxy laminates. Compos. B: Eng. 46(3), 211–220 (2012) [ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.09.069 ]
35. ANSYS Inc: Ansys Mechanical Apdl Programmer’S Manual, release 14.0 (2011)
36. Computer Aided Design Environment for Composites (CADEC): http://en.cadec-online.com .
37. Davies, P.: Protocols for Interlaminar Fracture Testing of Composites. Polymer and Composites Task Group. European Structural Integrity Society (ESIS), Plouzané (1992)
38. Rikards, R., Buchholz, F.G., Wang, H., Bledzki, A.K., Korjakin, A., Richard, H.A.: Investigation of mixed mode i/ii interlaminar fracture toughness of laminated composites by using a cts type specimen. Eng. Fract. Mech. 61, 325–342 (1998)10.1016/S0013-7944(98)00068-X ↗
39. Yokozeki, T., Aoki, T., Ishikawa, T.: Transverse crack propagation in the specimen width direction of cfrp laminates under static tensile loadings. J. Compos. Mater. 36(17), 2085–2099 (2002)10.1177/0021998302036017978 ↗
40. Barbero, E.J.: Finite Element Analysis of Composite Materials Using Abaqus. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2013)10.1201/b16295 ↗
41. Barbero, E.J.: Finite Element Analysis of Composite Materials Using ANSYS, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2014)
42. Varna, J., Joffe, R., Talreja, R.: A synergistic damage mechanics analysis of transverse cracking in [±θ/904] s laminates. Compos. Sci. Technol. 61, 657–665 (2001)10.1016/S0266-3538(01)00005-7 ↗
43. Barbero, E.J.: Finite Element Analysis of Composite Materials. Taylor & Francis, New York (2007)
44. Varna, J., Joffe, R., Akshantala, N., Talreja, R.: Damage in composite laminates with off-axis plies. Compos. Sci. Technol. 59, 2139–2147 (1999)10.1016/S0266-3538(99)00070-6 ↗
45. Wang, A.S.D.: Fracture mechanics of sublaminate cracks in composite materials. Compos. Tech. Rev. 6, 45–62 (1984)10.1520/CTR10817J ↗
46. Barbero, E.J., Cosso, F.A.: Determination of material parameters for discrete damage mechanics analysis of carbon-epoxy laminates. Compos. B 56, 638–646 (2014) [ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.08.084 ]10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.08.084 ↗
47. Lagarias, J., Reeds, J., Wright, M., Wright, P.: Convergence properties of the nelder-mead simplex method in low dimensions. SIAM J. Optim. 9, 112–147 (1998)10.1137/S1052623496303470 ↗