An Effective Method of Modeling the Deformation Behavior of Polymer Sandwich Structures with Adhesive Joints
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Polymer sandwich structures have high bending stiffness and strength and also low weight. Therefore, they are widely used in the transportation industry. In the conceptual design phase, it is essential to have a method to model the mechanical behavior of the sandwich and its adhesive joints accurately in full-vehicle scale to investigate different structure partitioning strategies. In this paper, a novel approach using finite element modeling is introduced. The sandwich panels are modeled with layered shells and the joint lines with general stiffness matrices. Stiffness parameters of the face-sheets and the core material are obtained via mechanical tests. Stiffness parameters of the joints are determined by using the method of Design of Experiments, where detailed sub-models of the joints serve as a reference. These models are validated with experimental tests of glass-fiber reinforced vinyl ester matrix composite sandwich structure with a foam core. By using two joint designs and three reference geometries, it is shown that the method is suitable to describe the deformation behavior in a full-vehicle scale with sufficient accuracy.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Structural Analysis of Composite Materials · Mechanical Behavior of Composites · Composite Structure Analysis and Optimization
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (27)
Show source-provided references
1. Dilger, K.: Selecting the right joint design and fabrication techniques. In: Dillard, D. (ed) Advances in structural adhesive bonding, vol. 1, pp. 295–315. Woodhead Publishing (2010)10.1533/9781845698058.3.295 ↗
2. Crane, R., Dillingham, G., Oakley, B.: Progress in the Reliability of Bonded Composite Structures. Appl. Compos. Mater. 24, 221–233 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-016-9523-210.1007/s10443-016-9523-2 ↗
3. Kim, J.-S., Shim, G.-S., Baek, D., Back, J.-H., Jang, S.-W., Kim, H.-J., Choi, J.-S., Yeom, J.-S.: UV/UV step-curing of optically clear acrylate adhesives for mobile devices. Express Polym Lett 13(9), 794–805 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2019.6810.3144/expresspolymlett.2019.68 ↗
4. Geier, N., Pereszlai, Cs.: Analysis of characteristics of surface roughness of machined CFRP composites. Period. Polytech. Mech. Engg. 64(1), 67–80 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3311/PPme.1443610.3311/PPme.14436 ↗
5. Gao, Q., Li, Y., Wang, H., Liu, W., Shen, H., Zhan, X.: Effect of scanning speed with UV laser cleaning of adhesive bonding tensile properties of CFRP. Appl. Compos. Mater. 26, 1087–1099 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-019-09768-410.1007/s10443-019-09768-4 ↗
6. Manalo, A., Aravinthan, T.: Behaviour of glued fibre composite sandwich structure in flexure: Experiment and Fibre Model Analysis. Mater. Des. 39, 458–468 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.02.05210.1016/j.matdes.2012.02.052 ↗
7. Navarro, P., Abrate, S., Aubry, J., Marguet, S., Ferrero, J.F.: Analytical modeling of indentation of composite sandwich beam. Compos. Struct. 100, 79–88 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.12.01710.1016/j.compstruct.2012.12.017 ↗
8. Paczos, P., Wichniarek, R., Magnucki, K.: Three-point bending of sandwich beam with special structure of the core. Compos. Struct. 201, 676–682 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.06.07710.1016/j.compstruct.2018.06.077 ↗
9. Anish Kumar, A., Chakrabarti, A.: Failure mode analysis of laminated composite sandwich plate. Eng. Fail. Anal. 104, 950–976 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.06.08010.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.06.080 ↗
10. Kpeky, F., Boudaoud, H., Abed-Meraim, F., Daya, E.M.: Modeling of viscoelastic sandwich beams using solid–shell finite elements. Compos. Struct. 133, 105–116 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.07.05510.1016/j.compstruct.2015.07.055 ↗
11. Ferdous, W., Manalo, A., Aravinthan, T., Fam, A.: Flexural and shear behaviour of layered sandwich beams. Constr. Build. Mater. 173, 429–442 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.06810.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.068 ↗
12. Vidal, P., Giunta, G., Gallimard, L., Polit, O.: Modeling of composite and sandwich beams with a generic cross-section using a variable separation method. Compos. B Eng. 2019(165), 648–661 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.01.09510.1016/j.compositesb.2019.01.095 ↗
13. Odessa, I., Frostig, Y., Rabinovitch, O.: Modeling of interfacial debonding propagation in sandwich panels. Int. J. Solids Struct. 148–149, 67–78 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2017.10.01410.1016/j.ijsolstr.2017.10.014 ↗
14. Takács, L., Szabó, F.: Experimental and Numerical Failure Analysis of Adhesive Joint of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite. Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering 64(1), 88–95 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3311/PPme.1510610.3311/PPme.15106 ↗
15. Assaad, J., Chakar, E., Zéhil, G.-P.: Testing and modeling the behavior of sandwich lightweight panels against wind and seismic loads. Eng. Struct. 175, 457–466 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.08.04110.1016/j.engstruct.2018.08.041 ↗
16. Tang, J., Chen, X., Yang, K.: Evaluating Structural Failure of Load-Carrying Composite Box Beams with Different Geometries and Load Conditions. Appl. Compos. Mater. 26, 1151–1161 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-019-09776-410.1007/s10443-019-09776-4 ↗
17. Mårtensson, P., Zenkert, D., Åkermo, M.: Cost and weight efficient partitioning of composite automotive structures. Polym. Compos. 38, 2174–2181 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2379510.1002/pc.23795 ↗
18. Dragoni, E., Brinson, H.F.: Modeling and optimization of the sandwich beam specimen in three-point bending for adhesive bond characterization. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 68, 380–388 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2015.12.01410.1016/j.ijadhadh.2015.12.014 ↗
19. Van Loock, F., Thouless, M.D., Fleck, N.A.: Tensile fracture of an adhesive joint: the role of crack length and of material mismatch. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 130, 330–348 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2019.06.00410.1016/j.jmps.2019.06.004 ↗
20. Jiang, X., Qiang, X., Kolstein, H., Bijlaard, F.: Analysis on Adhesively-Bonded Joints of FRP-steel Composite Bridge under Combined Loading: Arcan Test Study and Numerical Modeling. Polymers (Basel) 8(1), 18 (2016). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym801001810.3390/polym8010018 ↗
21. Yu, Y., Hou, W.-B., Hu, P., Ying, L., Akhmet, G.: Elastic constants for adhesively bonded corrugated core sandwich panels. Compos. Struct. 176, 449–459 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.05.05710.1016/j.compstruct.2017.05.057 ↗
22. Yu, H., Bai, Y.L., Dai, J.G., Gao, W.Y.: Finite Element Modeling for Debonding of FRP-to-Concrete Interfaces Subjected to Mixed-Mode Loading. Polymers (Basel) 9(9), 438 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym909043810.3390/polym9090438 ↗
23. Cen, B., Liu, Y., Zeng, Z., Wang, J., Lu, X., Zhu, X.: Mechanical behavior of novel GFRP foam sandwich adhesive joints. Compos. B Eng. 130, 1–10 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.07.03410.1016/j.compositesb.2017.07.034 ↗
24. Li, X., Liu, Z., Hu, L., Wang, Y., Lei, B., Huang, X.: Numerical Investigation of T-joints with 3D Four Directional Braided Composite Fillers Under Tensile Loading. Appl. Compos. Mater. 24, 171–191 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-016-9520-510.1007/s10443-016-9520-5 ↗
25. Khosravani, M.R., Anders, D., Weinberg, K.: Influence of strain rate on fracture behavior of sandwich composite T-joints. Euro. J. Mech. A Solids 78, 103821 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechsol.2019.10382110.1016/j.euromechsol.2019.103821 ↗
26. Di Bella, G., Galtieri, G., Borsellino, C.: Three-Point Flexural Properties of Bonded Reinforcement Elements for Pleasure Craft Decks. Appl. Compos. Mater. 25, 21–34 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-017-9605-910.1007/s10443-017-9605-9 ↗
27. Budhe, S., Banea, M.D., de Barros, S., da Silva, L.F.M.: An updated review of adhesively bonded joints in composite materials. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 72, 30–42 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2016.10.01010.1016/j.ijadhadh.2016.10.010 ↗