Analysis of the Numerical and Geometrical Parameters Influencing the Simulation of Mode I and Mode II Delamination Growth in Unidirectional and Textile Composites
Source abstract
Abstract
The reliability of composite structures depends, among other damage mechanisms, on their ability to withstand delaminations. In order to have a better understanding of the cohesive zone method technique for delamination simulations, a complete analysis of the multiple parameters influencing the results is necessary. In this paper the work is concentrated on the cohesive zone method using cohesive elements. First a summary of the theory of the cohesive zone method is given. A numerical investigation on the multiple parameters influencing the numerical simulation of the mode I and mode II delamination tests has been performed. The parameters such as the stabilization method, the output frequency, the friction and the computational efficiency have been taken into account. The results will be compared to an analytical solution obtained by linear elastic fracture mechanics. Additionally the numerical simulation results will be compared to the experimental results of a glass-fibre reinforced composite material for the mode I Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) and to a carbon fibre 5-harness satin weave reinforced polyphenylene sulphide composite for the mode I DCB and mode II End Notched Flexure (ENF).
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Mechanical Behavior of Composites · Composite Structure Analysis and Optimization · Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (51)
Show source-provided references
1. Rybicki, E.F., Kanninen, M.F.: A finite element calculation of stress intensity factors by a modified crack closure integral. Eng Fract Mech 9(4), 931–938 (1977)10.1016/0013-7944(77)90013-3 ↗
2. Krueger, R.: The virtual crack closure technique: history, approach and applications, NASA/CR-2002-211628, ICASE Report N° 2002–10 (2002)
3. Rice, J.R.: A path independent integral and the approximate analysis of strain concentration by notches and cracks. J Appl Mech 35, 379–386 (1968)10.1115/1.3601206 ↗
4. Inglis, C.E.: Stresses in a plate due to the presence of cracks and sharp corners. Trans R Inst Nav Archit 60, 219–241 (1913)
5. Westergaard, H.M.: Bearing pressures and cracks. J. Appl. Mech. 49–53 (1939)10.1115/1.4008919 ↗
6. Griffith, A.A.: The phenomena of rupture and flow in solids. Philos Trans R Soc Lond A Containing Pap Math Phys Charact 221, 163–198 (1921)10.1098/rsta.1921.0006 ↗
7. Barenblatt, G.I.: The mathematical theory of equilibrium cracks in brittle fracture. In Adv. Appl. Mech. 7, Elsevier, Ed, ch. 2. (1962)10.1016/S0065-2156(08)70121-2 ↗
8. Dugdale, D.S.: Yielding of steel sheets containing slits. J Mech Phys Solids 8(2), 100–104 (1960)10.1016/0022-5096(60)90013-2 ↗
9. Turon, A., Camanho, P.P., Costa, J. and Dávila, C.G.: An interface damage model for the simulation of delamination under variable-mode ratio in composite materials. NASA/TM-2004-213277, p. 32 (2004)
10. Turon, A., Camanho, P.P., Costa, J., Dávila, C.G.: A damage model for the simulation of delamination in advanced composites under variable-mode loading. Mech Mater 38, 1072–1089 (2006)10.1016/j.mechmat.2005.10.003 ↗
11. Shet, C., Chandra, N.: Analysis of energy balance when using cohesive zone models to simulate fracture processes. Trans ASME 124, 440–450 (2002)
12. Needleman, A.: A continuum model for void nucleation by inclusion debonding. J Appl Mech Trans ASME 54(3), 525–531 (1987)10.1115/1.3173064 ↗
13. Tvergaard, V., Hutchinson, W.J.: The relation between crack growth resistance and fracture process paramaters in elastic–plastic solids. J Mech Phys Solids 40(6), 1377–1397 (1992)10.1016/0022-5096(92)90020-3 ↗
14. Xu, X.-P., Needleman, A.: Void nucleation by inclusion debonding in a crystal matrix. Model Simul Mater Sci Eng 1, 111–132 (1993)10.1088/0965-0393/1/2/001 ↗
15. Xu, X.-P., Needleman, A.: Numerical simulations of fast crack growth in brittle solids. J Mech Phys Solids 42(9), 1397–1434 (1994)10.1016/0022-5096(94)90003-5 ↗
16. Camacho, G.T., Ortiz, M.: Computational modelling of impact damage in brittle materials. Int J Solids Struct 33(20–22), 2899–2938 (1996)10.1016/0020-7683(95)00255-3 ↗
17. Geubelle, P.H., Baylor, J.S.: Impact-induced delamination of composites: a 2D simulation. Compos Part B 29B, 589–602 (1998)10.1016/S1359-8368(98)00013-4 ↗
18. Camanho, P.P., Dávila, C.G.: Mixed-mode decohesion finite elements for the simulation of delamination in composite materials. NASA/TM 211737, 1–42 (2002)
19. Alfano, G., Crisfield, M.A.: Finite element interface models for the delamination analysis of laminated composites: mechanical and computational issues. Int J Numer Methods Eng 50, 1701–1736 (2001)10.1002/nme.93 ↗
20. Davies, P., Blackman, B.R.K., Brunner, A.J.: Standard test methods for delamination resistance of composite materials: current status. Appl Compos Mater 5, 345–364 (1998)10.1023/A:1008869811626 ↗
21. Kevin O’Brien, T.: Interlaminar fracture toughness: the long and winding road to standardization. Compos Part B 29(1), 57–62 (1998)10.1016/S1359-8368(97)00013-9 ↗
22. Brunner, A.J., Blackman, B.R.K., Davies, P.: A status report on delamination resistance testing of polymer–matrix composites. Eng Fract Mech 75, 2779–2794 (2008)10.1016/j.engfracmech.2007.03.012 ↗
23. Martin, R. and Davidson, B.D.: Mode II fracture toughness evaluation using a four point bend end notch flexure test. Proc 4th Int Conf Deformation Fract Compos. 243–252 (1997)
24. Davidson, B.D., Sun, X.K.: Effects of friction, geometry, and fixture compliance on the perceived toughness from three-and four-point bend end-notched flexure tests. J Reinf Plast Compos 24(15), 1611–1628 (2005)10.1177/0731684405050402 ↗
25. International ASTM: Standard test method for Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites. ASTM Designation. D5528-01 (2007)
26. Jacques, S., De Baere, I., Van Paepegem, W.: Application of periodic boundary conditions on multiple part finite element meshes for the meso-scale homogenization of textile fabric composites. Compos Sci Technol 92, 41–54 (2014)10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.11.023 ↗
27. De Baere, I., Jacques, S., Van Paepegem, W., Degrieck, J.: Study of the mode I and mode II interlaminar behaviour of a carbon fabric reinforced thermoplastic. Polym Test 31(2), 322–332 (2012)10.1016/j.polymertesting.2011.12.009 ↗
28. Berry, J.P.: Determination of fracture energies by the cleavage technique. J Appl Phys 34(1), 62–68 (1963)10.1063/1.1729091 ↗
29. Davidson, B.D., Soffa, M.A., Kumar, M.: Temperature and moisture effects in a particulate interlayered composite: mode i data reduction and toughness. J Reinf Plast Compos 28(17), 2049–2068 (2009)10.1177/0731684408090844 ↗
30. de Charentenay, F.X., Harry, J.M., Prel, Y.J. and Benzeggagh, M.L.: Characterizing the effect of delamination defect by mode I delaminationtest. In Effects of defects in Composite Materials. Am. Soc. Test. Mat. 84–103 (1984)10.1520/STP30199S ↗
31. Williams, J.G.: The fracture mechanics of delamination tests. J Strain Anal 24(4), 207–214 (1989)10.1243/03093247V244207 ↗
32. Kageyama, K., Hojo, M.: Proposed methods for interlaminar fracture toughness tests of composite laminates, pp. 227–234. 5th U.S./Japan Conference on Composite Materials, Tokyo (1990)
33. Hashemi, S., Kinloch, A.J., Williams, J.G.: Corrections needed in double cantilever beam tests for assessing the interlaminar failure of fiber composites. J Mater Sci Lett 8, 125–129 (1989)10.1007/BF00730701 ↗
34. Charalambides, M.N., Williams, J.G.: Mode-I delamination of angle-ply epoxy-glass-fiber laminates exhibiting permanent deformation during fracture. Compos Sci Technol 50, 187–196 (1994)10.1016/0266-3538(94)90140-6 ↗
35. Bergley, J.A. and Landes, J.D.: The J integral as a fracture criterion. Am. Soc. Test. Mat. 1–20 (1972)10.1520/STP38816S ↗
36. Williams, J.G.: End corrections for orthotropic DCB specimens. Compos Sci Technol 35, 367–376 (1989)10.1016/0266-3538(89)90058-4 ↗
37. International ASTM: New test method for determination of the mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites using the End-Notched Flexure (ENF) test. ASTM Designation. WK22949 (2009)
38. Barrett, J.D., Foschi, R.O.: Mode II stress-intensity factors for cracked wood beams. Eng Fract Mech 9, 371–378 (1977)10.1016/0013-7944(77)90029-7 ↗
39. Vanderkley, P.S.: Mode I - Mode II delamination fracture toughness of a unidirectional graphite/epoxy composite, Master thesis. Texas: Texas A&M University. (1981)
40. Carlsson, L.A. and Gillespie, J.W.: Mode II interlaminar fracture of composites. Appl. Fract. Mech. Compos. Mat. (1989)10.1016/B978-0-444-87286-9.50008-5 ↗
41. Davies, D., et al.: Comparison of test configurations for the determination of GIIc: results from an international round robin. Plast Rubber Compos 28(9), 432–437 (1999)10.1179/146580199101540600 ↗
42. Camanho, P.P., Turon, A., Sarrado, C., Guillamet, G. and Trias, D.: Simulation of delamination in polymer composites: best practices at different levels of analysis. In technical interchange meeting ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk. (2011)
43. Turon, A., Camanho, P.P., Costa, J., Renart, J.: Accurate simulation of delamination growth under mixed-mode loading using cohesive elements: definition of interlaminar strengths and elastic stiffness. Compos Struct 92, 1857–1864 (2010)10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.01.012 ↗
44. Bruyneel, M., Delsemme, J.-P., Ph, J., Germain, F.: Modeling inter-laminar failure in composite structures: illustration on an industrial case study. Appl Compos Mater 16, 149–162 (2009)10.1007/s10443-009-9083-9 ↗
45. Davies, G.A.O., Guiamatsia, I.: The problem of the cohesive zone in numerically simulating delamination/debonding failure modes. Appl Compos Mater 19, 831–838 (2012)10.1007/s10443-012-9257-8 ↗
46. Turon, A., Dávila, C.G., Camanho, P.P. and Costa, J.: An engineering solution for using coarse meshes in the simulation of delamination with cohesive zone models. NASA/TM-2005-213547. 26 (2005)
47. Yang, Q., Cox, B.: Cohesive models for damage evolution in laminated composites. Int J Fract 133, 107–137 (2005)10.1007/s10704-005-4729-6 ↗
48. Falk, M.L., Needleman, A. and Rice, J.R.: A critical evaluation of dynamic fracture simulations using cohesive surfaces. J. Phys. IV. 5–43 to 5–50 (2001)10.1051/jp4:2001506 ↗
49. Momentive: Technical data sheet of the Epikote Resin MGS RIMR 135 - HCD-8246. (2006)
50. BearingWorks. Bearing Works inc. [Online]. http://www.bearingworks.com/content_files/pdf/retainers/PPS%20datasheet.pdf
51. Quintelier, J., et al.: Wear behavior of carbon fiber reinforced poly phenylene sulfide. Polym Compos 27(1), 92–98 (2006)10.1002/pc.20165 ↗