Growth of metastable phases during brick firing: Mineralogical and microtextural changes induced by the composition of the raw material and the presence of additives
Source abstract
Abstract
Mineralogical and textural changes experienced by solid bricks made without additives and others made with added halite or with added calcined diatomite sludge, and fired in an electric oven at 800, 950 and 1100°C have been studied. Different analytical techniques (x-ray fluorescence, thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction, polarized optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy) were used to reconstruct the changes that took place inside the bricks from a mineralogical and textural point of view. These changes are similar to those that take place in nature during pyrometamorphism. Carbonates decompose and react with silicates to form gehlenite, diopside and wollastonite. Plagioclase enriches in calcium and quartz concentration diminishes. Clay minerals favour the melting of matrix and the appearance of mullite. K-Feldspar changes from microcline to sanidine. The extent of vitrification increases in line with the increase in the firing temperature. When halite is added, new silicates appear earlier at lower firing temperatures and molysite is formed. Calcined diatomite sludge contains cristobalite, which becomes part of the mineralogy of the bricks. The newly-formed phases contain certain chemical elements that are not normally found in their standard chemical composition.Cultrone, G. & Carrillo-Rosúa, J.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Building materials and conservation · Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production · Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (85)
Show source-provided references
1. Production of sustainable clay bricks using waste fly ash: mechanical and durability properties
2. Incorporation of waste materials in the manufacture of masonry bricks: an update review10.1016/j.jobe.2018.09.023 ↗
3. Fumarolic minerals: An overview of active European volcanoes
4. Use of waste marble powder in brick industry10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.10.011 ↗
5. Development of eco-friendly porous fired clay bricks using pore-forming agents: a review10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.006 ↗
6. Fired clay bricks using agricultural biomass wastes: study and characterization10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.006 ↗
7. Structural clay products
8. Technological features of “Cotto Variegato”: a petrological approach10.1016/S1296-2074(01)01115-3 ↗
9. High temperature reactions and use of Bronze Age pottery from La Mancha, Central Spain
10. The effect of high temperature minerals and microstructure on the compressive strength of bricks10.1016/j.clay.2018.11.020 ↗
11. Treatment and recycling of incinerated ash using thermal plasma technology10.1016/S0956-053X(01)00043-5 ↗
12. Recycling trachyte waste from the quarry to the brick industry: effects on physical and mechanical properties, and durability of new bricks10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.158 ↗
13. Carbonate and silicate phase reactions during ceramic firing10.1127/0935-1221/2001/0013-0621 ↗
14. Mineralogical and physical behaviour of solid bricks with additives10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.04.035 ↗
15. Different shades of red: the complexity of mineralogical and physico-chemical factors influencing the colour of ceramics10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.03.127 ↗
16. Effect of organic residues addition on the technological properties of clay bricks10.1016/j.wasman.2007.03.019 ↗
17. Utilization of kraft pulp production residues in clay brick production10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.11.021 ↗
18. Chemical composition of melilite formed during the firing of carbonate-rich and iron-containing ceramic bodies10.1111/j.1551-2916.1999.tb20088.x ↗
19. Improvement in filtration characteristics of diatomite by calcination10.1016/j.minpro.2010.02.004 ↗
20. Clays and complementary raw materials for stoneware tiles
21. Ancient clay bricks: manufacture and properties
22. Application of biomass gasification fly ash for brick manufacturing10.1016/j.fuel.2010.07.057 ↗
23. Evaluation of spent diatomite incorporation in clay-based materials for lightweight bricks processing10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.202 ↗
24. Properties and applications of diatomitic materials from SW Spain10.1016/0169-1317(93)90022-S ↗
25. Local production and imitations of Late Roman Pottery from a well in the Roman necropolis of Cuma in Naples, Italy10.1002/gea.21703 ↗
26. Formation of siliceous sediments in brandy after diatomite filtration10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.028 ↗
27. Grapes · 2006
28. Characterization of organic matter of plants from lakes by thermal analysis in a N2 atmosphere
29. Elaboration and characterization of new mesoporous materials from diatomite and charcoal10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.01.053 ↗
30. Utilization of muscovite granite waste in the manufacture of ceramic tiles10.1016/j.ceramint.2010.10.032 ↗
31. Firing transformations of cretaceous clays used in the manufacturing of ceramic tiles10.1016/S0169-1317(98)00052-0 ↗
32. Thermal performance evaluation of eco-friendly bricks incorporating waste glass sludge10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.255 ↗
33. Encapsulating fly ash and acidic process waste water in brick structure10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.133 ↗
34. The reaction kinetics of rice husk based cordierite ceramics10.1016/j.ceramint.2006.09.017 ↗
35. Assessment of olive mil solid residue (pomace) as an additive in lightweight brick production10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.009 ↗
36. The inhibiting of lime blowing
37. Characteristics of fired bricks with co-combustion fly ashes10.1016/j.jobe.2015.12.001 ↗
38. Study on fired bricks with replacing clay by fly ash in high volume ratio10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.05.017 ↗
39. Bricks in historical buildings of Toledo City: characterisation and restoration10.1016/S1044-5803(03)00101-3 ↗
40. Lupiani Moreno · 1988
41. Preparation of porous brick from diatomite and sugar filter mud at lower temperature10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.021 ↗
42. Technological examination of Neolithic-Bronze Age pottery form central and Southeast Europe and from the near East10.1016/0305-4403(81)90012-1 ↗
43. Moessbauer study of the effect of calcium content on iron oxide transformation in fired clays10.1111/j.1151-2916.1981.tb09599.x ↗
44. Effect of reducing atmosphere on minerals and iron oxides developed in fired clays: the role of Ca10.1111/j.1151-2916.1983.tb10561.x ↗
45. Influence of firing conditions on ceramic products: experimental study on clay rich in organic matter10.1016/j.clay.2005.08.007 ↗
46. Chemical-mineralogical characterisation as useful tool in the assessment of the decay of Mesola Castle (Ferrara, Italy)10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.063 ↗
47. XPowder, XPowder12, XPowderXTM
48. Recovering wastes from the paper industry: development of ceramic materials10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.10.017 ↗
49. Fabrication of porous silica ceramics by gelation-freezing of diatomite slurry10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2017.05.001 ↗
50. On the production of fired clay bricks from waste materials: a critical update10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.006 ↗
51. Development of better insulation bricks by adding mushroom compost wastes10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.05.005 ↗
52. Some ceramic properties of clays from Central Cambodia10.1016/j.clay.2011.04.017 ↗
53. Hematite nucleation and growth in the firing of carbonate-rich clay for pottery production10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.03.031 ↗
54. The ternary system pseudowollastonite–akermanite–gehlenite10.2475/ajs.239.10.715 ↗
55. Friendly brick
56. Imperfect oriented attachment: dislocation generation in defect-free nanocrystals10.1126/science.281.5379.969 ↗
57. Recycling of ash from biomass incinerator in clay matrix to produce ceramic bricks10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.022 ↗
58. Using charcoal to increase the properties and durability of fired test briquettes10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.11.018 ↗
59. Topochemical approach of kinetics of the reduction of hematite to wüstite10.1016/j.cej.2006.12.024 ↗
60. Effect of firing temperature and atmosphere on ceramics made of NW Peloponnese clay sediments. Part I: reactions paths, crystalline phases, microstructure and colour10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.02.002 ↗
61. Metastable non-stoichiometric diopside and Mg-wollastonite: an occurrence in an interplanetary dust particle10.2138/am-1999-11-1215 ↗
62. TEM study of mullite growth after muscovite breakdown10.2138/am-2003-5-601 ↗
63. Thermal decomposition of calcite: mechanisms of formation and textural evolution of CaO nanocrystals10.2138/am.2009.3021 ↗
64. Keeping your temper under control: materials and manufacture of Papuan pottery
65. Analysis of tempered bricks: from a raw material and additives to fired bricks for use in construction and heritage conservation10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2832 ↗
66. Improvement of thermal properties of fired clays by introduction of vegetable matter10.1177/1744259109360059 ↗
67. Pyrite framboids and their development: a new conceptual mechanism10.1007/BF00563277 ↗
68. A non-invasive spectroscopic study to evaluate both technological features and conservation state of two types of ancient Roman coloured bricks10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.023 ↗
69. Formation of high-temperature crystalline phases in ceramic from illite clay and diatomite10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2005.10.012 ↗
70. Characteristics of clay-rich raw materials for ceramic applications in Denizli region (Western Anatolia)10.1016/j.clay.2016.12.014 ↗
71. Natural pseudowollastonite: Crystal structure, associated minerals, and geological context10.1016/j.lithos.2011.12.010 ↗
72. Manufacturing of bricks in the past, in the present and in the future: a state of the art review10.11591/ijaas.v2i3.1751 ↗
73. Mullite: crystal structure and related properties10.1111/jace.13817 ↗
74. Stimmell · 1982 · 219
75. Thermal performance optimization of hollow clay bricks made up of paper waste10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.02.006 ↗
76. Characteristics of fired clay bricks with waste marble powder addition as building materials10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.055 ↗
77. Preparation of coloured facing brick from low melting clay under a water vapour atmosphere
78. Examination of ancient pottery using the scanning electron microscope10.1038/257122a0 ↗
79. Caratteristiche naturali di argille italiane e correlazione con le proprietà tecnologiche dei prodotti da esse ottenibili
80. Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals10.2138/am.2010.3371 ↗
81. Decomposition and solid reactions of calcium sulfate doped with SiO2, Fe2O3 and Al2O310.1016/j.jaap.2015.03.019 ↗
82. Production of bricks from waste materials. A review10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.05.043 ↗
83. Reuse of air pollution control ash10.1089/ees.2010.0359 ↗
84. Sintering kinetics of porous ceramics from natural diatomite10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00288.x ↗
85. Effects on calcination on silica phase transition in diatomite10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.05.010 ↗