Intrinsically stretchable, self-healable, and large-area integrated e-skin patches for continuous and multi-mode respiratory monitoring

Continuous and high-fidelity monitoring of respiratory mechanics and electrophysiological signals is critical for early detection and management of sleep apnea and other chronic diseases. However, most wearable respiratory sensors rely on structural engineering to achieve stretchability, which often results in mechanical mismatch with soft tissues, and complicated fabrication routes, severely restricting continuous, large-area epidermal deployment. Here, we report a fully solution-processed, intrinsically stretchable, self-healable, and large-area electronic-skin (e-skin) patch for multimodal physiological monitoring. It is monolithically integrated of a stretchable strain sensor and a stretchable bioelectrode by self-healable and dual-network elastic composites without heterogeneous materials or complex device architectures. The strain sensor exhibits high stretchability (∼1000%) and high sensitivity (gauge factor ∼754) and high stability (60 h), while the bioelectrode delivers a high conductivity of 2145 S·cm−1 and a low skin–electrode impedance of 80 kΩ at 100 Hz. Using the integrated patch, we achieved synchronous monitoring of thoracoabdominal respiratory motion and chest-lead ECG, successfully capturing physiological signatures associated with apnea-related respiratory events. Our work demonstrates a scalable route toward conformal, continuous epidermal electronics for wearable respiratory health monitoring.