journal article·2025-01-01Open access

Structural properties and recrystallization effects in ion beam modified B20-type FeGe films

Jiangteng Liu, Ryan Schoell, Xiyue S. Zhang, Hongbin Yang, M. B. Venuti, Hanjong Paik, David A. Muller, Tzu-Ming Lu, Khalid Hattar, Serena Eley

APL Materials· Volume 13· Issue 1

Abstract

Disordered iron germanium (FeGe) has recently garnered interest as a testbed for a variety of magnetic phenomena as well as for use in magnetic memory and logic applications. This is partially owing to its ability to host skyrmions and antiskyrmions—nanoscale whirlpools of magnetic moments that could serve as information carriers in spintronic devices. In particular, a tunable skyrmion–antiskyrmion system may be created through precise control of the defect landscape in B20-phase FeGe, motivating the development of methods to systematically tune disorder in this material and understand the ensuing structural properties. To this end, we investigate a route for modifying magnetic properties in FeGe. In particular, we irradiate epitaxial B20-phase FeGe films with 2.8 MeV Au4+ ions, which creates a dispersion of amorphized regions that may preferentially host antiskyrmions at densities controlled by the irradiation fluence. To further tune the disorder landscape, we conduct a systematic electron diffraction study with in situ annealing, demonstrating the ability to recrystallize controllable fractions of the material at temperatures ranging from ∼150 to 250 °C. Finally, we describe the crystallization kinetics using the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov model, finding that the growth of crystalline grains is consistent with diffusion-controlled one-to-two dimensional growth with a decreasing nucleation rate.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Magnetic properties of thin films · Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Alloys · Ion-surface interactions and analysis

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington 1 , Seattle, Washington 98195,

Sandia National Laboratories 2 , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123,

School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University 3 , Ithaca, New York 14853,

Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines 4 , Golden, Colorado 80401,

Platform for the Accelerated Realization, Analysis, and Discovery of Interface Materials, Cornell University 5 , Ithaca, New York 14853,

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma 6 , Norman, Oklahoma 73019,

Center for Quantum Research and Technology, University of Oklahoma 7 , Norman, Oklahoma 73019,

Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories 8 , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123,

Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Tennessee 9 , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996,

Funding

National Science Foundation · U.S. Department of Energy

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