journal article·2025-10-01Open access

The second-order nonlinear optical properties of κ-phase gallium oxide

Jingan Zhou, Tao Li, Xuan Zhao, Rui Xu, Xiang Zhang, Cheng Chang, Giovanni Cerqueira, Kai Fu, Mingfei Xu, Ziyi He, Jacob T. Robinson, Hanyu Zhu, Pulickel M. Ajayan, Xiaodong Zhang, Yuji Zhao

APL Materials· Volume 13· Issue 10

Abstract

In this study, we present the first characterization of the effective second-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χeff(2) and the second-order susceptibility tensor element d31 of κ-phase gallium oxide (κ-Ga2O3) using a second harmonic generation (SHG) technique. At the wavelength of 850 nm, we measured a χeff(2) value of 0.1068 pm/V and a d31 value of 0.0566 pm/V. In addition, we investigated the wavelength and polarization dependence of χeff(2). These findings could be a constructive step toward expanding the potential applications of Ga2O3 as a novel optical material platform, complementing its emerging role as a competitive next-generation material for electronics.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Ga2O3 and related materials · ZnO doping and properties · GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University 1 , Houston, Texas 77005,

Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University 2 , Houston, Texas 77005,

Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University 3 , Houston, Texas 77005,

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah 4 , Salt Lake City, Utah 84112,

School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University 5 , Tempe, Arizona 85287,

Nanofabrication Facility, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 6 , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123,

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea

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