journal article·2019-11-01Open access

Understanding thermal annealing of artificial spin ice

Xiaoyu Zhang, Yuyang Lao, Joseph Sklenar, Nicholas S. Bingham, Joseph T. Batley, Justin D. Watts, Cristiano Nisoli, Chris Leighton, Peter Schiffer

APL Materials· Volume 7· Issue 11

Abstract

We have performed a detailed study on thermal annealing of the moment configuration in artificial spin ice. Permalloy (Ni80Fe20) artificial spin ice samples were examined in the prototypical square ice geometry, studying annealing as a function of island thickness, island shape, and annealing temperature and duration. We also measured the Curie temperature as a function of film thickness, finding that thickness has a strong effect on the Curie temperature in regimes of relevance to many studies of the dynamics of artificial spin ice systems. Increasing the interaction energy between island moments and reducing the energy barrier to flipping the island moments allow the system to more closely approach the collective low energy state of the moments upon annealing, suggesting new channels for understanding the thermalization processes in these important model systems.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Condensed Matter Physics · Theoretical and Computational Physics · Topological Materials and Phenomena

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Applied Physics, Yale University 1 , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA

Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2 , Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA

Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 3 , Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University 4 , Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA

Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota 5 , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA

School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota 6 , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA

Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, MS B258, Los Alamos National Laboratory 7 , Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA

Department of Physics, Yale University 8 , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA

Funding

U.S. Department of Energy · Division of Materials Research

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