journal article·2022-07-01Open access

Quantum materials for energy-efficient neuromorphic computing: Opportunities and challenges

Axel Hoffmann, Shriram Ramanathan, Julie Grollier, Andrew D. Kent, Marcelo J. Rozenberg, Ivan K. Schuller, Oleg G. Shpyrko, Robert C. Dynes, Yeshaiahu Fainman, Alex Frano, Eric E. Fullerton, Giulia Galli, Vitaliy Lomakin, Shyue Ping Ong, Amanda K. Petford-Long, Jonathan A. Schuller, Mark D. Stiles, Yayoi Takamura, Yimei Zhu

APL Materials· Volume 10· Issue 7

Abstract

Neuromorphic computing approaches become increasingly important as we address future needs for efficiently processing massive amounts of data. The unique attributes of quantum materials can help address these needs by enabling new energy-efficient device concepts that implement neuromorphic ideas at the hardware level. In particular, strong correlations give rise to highly non-linear responses, such as conductive phase transitions that can be harnessed for short- and long-term plasticity. Similarly, magnetization dynamics are strongly non-linear and can be utilized for data classification. This Perspective discusses select examples of these approaches and provides an outlook on the current opportunities and challenges for assembling quantum-material-based devices for neuromorphic functionalities into larger emergent complex network systems.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Memory and Neural Computing · Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices · Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Materials Research Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 1 , Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA

School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University 2 , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA

Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales, Université Paris-Saclay 3 , 91767 Palaiseau, France

Center for Quantum Phenomena, Department of Physics, New York University 4 , New York, New York 10003, USA

Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Laboratoire de Physique des Solides 5 , Orsay 91405, France

Department of Physics, University of California–San Diego 6 , La Jolla, California 92093, USA

Center for Advanced Nanoscience, University of California–San Diego 7 , La Jolla, California 92093, USA

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California–San Diego 8 , La Jolla, California 92093, USA

Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California–San Diego 9 , La Jolla, California 92093, USA

Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering and Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago 10 , Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA

Department of NanoEngineering, University of California–San Diego 12 , La Jolla, California 92093, USA

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara 14 , Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA

Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology 15 , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6202, USA

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Davis 16 , Davis, California 95616, USA

Department of Consdensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory 17 , Upton, New York 11973, USA

Funding

U.S. Department of Energy

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