A High‐Efficiency Hybrid Nanogenerator With Rotational‐to‐Translational Motion Conversion for Self‐Powered Monitoring of Electrical Equipment

ABSTRACT Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)‐based wind energy harvesters have advanced self‐powered tech, but practical use is limited by inherent structural flaws. Moreover, conventional rotating/vibrational models lack durability and stable outputs, restricting real‐world reliability and scalability. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel wind‐driven horizontal reciprocating triboelectric‐electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator (HTNG). Initially, the HTNG was developed by incorporating an innovative rotational‐to‐translational motion conversion mechanism, enabling enhanced mechanical efficiency and output stability. A systematic optimization method is performed on key structural parameters to determine the optimal configuration. Subsequently, the output performance of the HTNG is experimentally evaluated, revealing that the HTNG substantially outperforms conventional designs in terms of durability, output stability, and energy density. Specifically, after 100 000 operational cycles, the HTNG exhibits only a 1.07% decline in charge transfer, with no observable wear on the PTFE film surface. Moreover, it maintains a stable high‐output response to stochastic wind energy—demonstrating exceptional durability and output stability. Under optimal impedance matching, the HTNG achieves a charge transfer density of 52.47 µC/m ² and a peak power density of 272.96 mW/m ² . Lastly, HTNG's application in tilt‐state monitoring for high‐voltage transmission towers is further discussed, highlighting its potential in structural health monitoring and smart grid infrastructure.