Hyperbolic Metamaterials and Metasurfaces: Fundamentals and Applications

Abstract Recent advances in nanofabrication and characterization technologies have spurred many breakthroughs in the field of optical metamaterials and metasurfaces that provide novel ways of manipulating light interaction in a well controllable manner. Among these artificial nanostructured materials, 3D bulk hyperbolic metamaterials and 2D planar hyperbolic metasurfaces exhibit ultra‐anisotropic electromagnetic responses and lead to dramatic changes for the light propagation behaviors. Here, the dispersions and realizations of hyperbolic media are first briefly discussed. Then, the recent achievements of various optical applications based on hyperbolic metamaterials and metasurfaces, including beam manipulation, super‐resolution imaging, spontaneous and thermal emission engineering, ultrasensitive optical sensing, and broadband optical absorption are reviewed. This review provides an overview and vision for the future of hyperbolic media and their potential impact on the development of novel nanophotonic devices and systems.