Low‐Profile Multifunctional‐Multiplexed Surface Wave Modulated Metasurface for Independent Manipulation of Four‐Channel Holographic Imaging

Abstract Multifunctional multiplexed metasurfaces have garnered significant attention due to the growing demand for device integration and enhanced communication capacity. However, most implementations rely on spatial‐wave modulated metasurfaces. Existing designs, such as transmission‐type or reflection‐type metasurfaces, face challenges in planar integration owing to their additional air‐feeding requirements and high profiles. In this paper, a low‐profile multifunctional multiplexed surface‐wave modulated metasurface is presented to multidimensionally modulate electromagnetic (EM) waves. By employing the proposed aperture multiplexing modulation method, the surface‐wave modulated metasurface can independently manipulate multichannel holograms with a high imaging efficiency. The underlying principle involves multiplexing holographic tensor metasurfaces (HTMs) through the superposition of EM wave properties, including frequency and polarization. To validate the proposed method, four high quality holographic images “S”, “E”, “U”, and “!” are designed and measured, achieving imaging efficiency of 73.9%, 79.7%, 67.3%, and 75.2%, respectively. The proposed HTM features a low profile of <0.07 λ ₀ and supports full‐duplex operation facilitated by two feeds. With its advantages of low profile and multifunctional multiplexing capabilities, the proposed technique is also extendable to optical bands and holds promising applications in wireless communications, multichannel data storage and encryption, as well as holographic technologies.