DataVXAdvanced Materials TechnologiesPaper
journal article·2025-06Open access

Modulating D33 Coefficients Through In Situ AgF and Ag2O Growth in PVDF Composites for High‐Performance Piezoelectric Nanogenerators

Renjun Liu, Ki Hoon Shin, Yu Zhu, Qing Liu, Bing Ji, Guoxing Sun, Zongjin Li, Dadimuni De Silva, Aisling Stewart, Matteo Lorenzoni, Ingo Ludtke, Oliver A. Williams, Wenlong Ming, Giorgio Divitini, Jung Inn Sohn, Bo Hou

Advanced Materials Technologies· Volume 10· Issue 12
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Abstract

Abstract Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, known for their flexibility, biocompatibility, and piezoelectricity, hold significant promise for energy harvesting applications in bioelectronics. Enhancing the β‐phase content is critical for improving device performance. This study presents an effective strategy to boost the relative concentration of β‐PVDF through the in situ growth of silver(I) fluoride (AgF) and silver oxide (Ag2O) nanoparticles (NPs). By optimizing the concentration of NPs, the β‐phase content in PVDF composite films increased to 91.4%. Dielectric analysis revealed a remarkable enhancement of the dielectric constant, reaching 30.1—over three times higher than that of pristine PVDF at 1000 Hz. Additionally, the piezoelectric coefficient of the optimized PVDF composite film improved by 50%, reaching ≈12 pC N−1. A prototype nanogenerator based on the optimized composite film achieved an open‐circuit voltage of ≈35 V, a short‐circuit current of ≈1.6 µA, and an output power density of ≈25 µW cm⁻2 under 0.5 MPa compressive stress. The device successfully powered 10 blue LEDs and charged a 50 nF capacitor within 10 s. These findings highlight in‐situ growth of silver‐based nanoparticle in PVDF matrix provides a scalable approach for energy harvesting and storage technologies.
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Research context

NanomaterialsBiomaterialsComposites

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials · Conducting polymers and applications · ZnO doping and properties

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University Queen's Buildings North Building The Parade, Newport Road Cardiff Wales CF24 3AA UK

Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of Macau Avenida da Universidade Taipa Macau 58816 China

Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science Dongguk University‐Seoul Seoul 04620 Republic of Korea

Henan Key Laboratory of Materials on Deep‐Earth Engineering School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo Henan 454000 China

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore

Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control School of Physics and Electronics Hunan Normal University No. 36 Lushan Road Changsha Hunan 410081 China

Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Avenida Wai Long Taipa Macao SAR 999078 China

Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Trumpington Street Cambridge CB2 1PZ UK

School of Engineering Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA UK

Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia via Morego 30 Genoa 16163 Italy

Compound Semiconductor Applications Catapult Newport NP108BE UK

Funding

Royal Society

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