Thin‐Film Thermoelectric Generators Comprising Molybdenum‐Based MXenes pn Modules

Abstract In this study, the thermoelectric characteristics of spin‐coated p‐Mo₂C and n‐Mo₂Ti₂C₃ thin films and the scalability of MXene thin‐film thermoelectric generators (TFTEGs) constructed with pn modules are investigated. The in‐plane thermal conductivities are measured at room temperature to be 0.37 and 0.45 W (m K)⁻¹ for the p‐Mo₂C and n‐Mo₂Ti₂C₃ thin films, respectively. The dimensionless figures of merit ZT are determined to be 1.7 × 10⁻⁵ and 2.6 × 10⁻⁴ for the p‐Mo₂C and n‐Mo₂Ti₂C₃ thin films, respectively. The scalability of the MXene TFTEG is evaluated by the Seebeck voltage being directly proportional to the number of pn modules. The MXene TFTEG constructed with 200‐pn modules generates a Seebeck voltage of 399.9 mV and an output power of 6 mW cm⁻² at a ΔT of 5.4 K.