Study and Application of PZT in the Field of Wearable Devices

Abstract In the context of rapidly improving socio‐economic levels, wearable devices and related services are increasingly becoming a part of daily life, widely applied in health monitoring, medical management, and daily communication. As the demand for miniaturization and sensitivity in wearable devices continues to rise, lead zirconate titanate ceramics (Pb(Zr_1‐x‐Ti_x)O₃, PZT), which effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, have become one of the essential materials in wearable devices. This review outlines the development history of wearable devices, clarifying their core design objectives and elucidating the significance and necessity of PZT in the wearable domain. Subsequently, the review comprehensively discusses the research progress related to PZT in the wearable sector, focusing on the preparation processes, molding methods, and advancements in key techniques after categorizing PZT components in this field. Moreover, based on the functional differences of PZT in wearable devices, it is categorized into three major application cases: energy harvesting components, sensing components, and actuation components. After providing a comprehensive overview of the applications of PZT in wearable devices, the review further analyzes current research findings and summarizes the challenges and issues encountered during PZT's application in the wearable field. The aim is to provide valuable references and insights for research and development in related fields.