Net-shape forming via semi-solid processing

Semi-solid processing has reached the development stage where it is being used to produce components that are replacing castings and forgings. Commercial production, once the domain of US companies, has begun in Japan and in the European Community, where the advantages of this efficient net-shape processing technology are beginning to be exploited. Improved understanding and control of the parameters influencing semi-solid processing should increase its opportunities even further. This article provides an introduction to semi-solid materials (SSMs) and describes the current state of commercialization, basic processing science, and challenges to continued development.