DataVXAdvanced Materials InterfacesPaper
journal article·2022-12Open access

Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Current Conversion in Stacks of Ferromagnets and the Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide NbSe2

Lukáš Nádvorník, Oliver Gueckstock, Lukas Braun, Chengwang Niu, Joachim Gräfe, Gunther Richter, Gisela Schütz, Hidenori Takagi, Mahmoud Zeer, Tom S. Seifert, Peter Kubaščík, Avanindra K. Pandeya, Abdelmadjid Anane, Heejun Yang, Amilcar Bedoya‐Pinto, Stuart S. P. Parkin, Martin Wolf, Yuriy Mokrousov, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Tobias Kampfrath

Advanced Materials Interfaces· Volume 9· Issue 36
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Abstract

Abstract Transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are an aspiring class of materials with unique electronic and optical properties and potential applications in spin‐based electronics. Here, terahertz emission spectroscopy is used to study spin‐to‐charge current conversion (S2C) in the TMDC NbSe2 in ultra‐high‐vacuum‐grown F|NbSe2 thin‐film stacks, where F is a layer of ferromagnetic Fe or Ni. Ultrafast laser excitation triggers an ultrafast spin current that is converted into an in‐plane charge current and, thus, a measurable THz electromagnetic pulse. The THz signal amplitude as a function of the NbSe2 thickness shows that the measured signals are fully consistent with an ultrafast optically driven injection of an in‐plane‐polarized spin current into NbSe2. Modeling of the spin‐current dynamics reveals that a sizable fraction of the total S2C originates from the bulk of NbSe2 with the opposite, negative sign of the spin Hall angle as compared to Pt. By a quantitative comparison of the emitted THz radiation from F|NbSe2 to F|Pt reference samples and the results of ab initio calculations, it is estimated that the spin Hall angle of NbSe2 for an in‐plane polarized spin current lies between ‐0.2% and ‐1.1%, while the THz spin‐current relaxation length is of the order of a few nanometers.
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Research context

Nanomaterials

OpenAlex topics: 2D Materials and Applications · Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties · Magnetic properties of thin films

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Physics Freie Universität Berlin 14195 Berlin Germany

Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Prague 121 16 Czech Republic

Department of Physical Chemistry Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society 14195 Berlin Germany

Peter Grünberg Institut Forschungszentrum Juelich D‐52425 Juelich Germany

School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

Department of Quantum Materials Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research 70569 Stuttgart Germany

Department of Physics RWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Germany

NISE Department Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics Saale 06120 Halle Germany

Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS Thales Univ. Paris‐Sud Université Paris‐Saclay Palaiseau 91767 France

Department of Physics Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea

Institute of Molecular Science (ICMol) University of Valencia Paterna 46980 Spain

Institute of Physics Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 55099 Mainz Germany

Physics Department University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft · Grantová Agentura České Republiky · Generalitat Valenciana · Forschungszentrum Jülich · H2020 European Research Council

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