Periodical Variation of Electronic Properties in Polyhydroxylated Metallofullerene Materials

Polyhydroxylation of metallofullerenes can control the direction and intensity of electron transfer between the innermost Gd and the outer carbon cage. The synergistic effect efficiently modulates the strong exchange interactions or coupling between the different electron levels of the innermost metallic atoms, leading to a periodical occurrence of energy level splitting and novel electronic properties in the 4f atom (see figure).