Narrow Bandgap Schottky Heterojunction Sonosensitizer with High Electron–Hole Separation Boosted Sonodynamic Therapy in Bladder Cancer

Guanlin Li; Sicheng Wu; Jinggong Liu; Kaiyuan Wang; Xiaoyuan Chen; Hongxing Liu

doi:10.1002/adma.202401252

journal article·2024-06

Narrow Bandgap Schottky Heterojunction Sonosensitizer with High Electron–Hole Separation Boosted Sonodynamic Therapy in Bladder Cancer

Guanlin Li, Sicheng Wu, Jinggong Liu, Kaiyuan Wang, Xiaoyuan Chen, Hongxing Liu

Advanced Materials· Volume 36· Issue 26

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Source abstract

Abstract

Abstract Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is applied to bladder cancer (BC) given its advantages of high depth of tissue penetration and nontoxicity due to the unique anatomical location of the bladder near the abdominal surface. However, low electron–hole separation efficiency and wide bandgap of sonosensitizers limit the effectiveness of SDT. This study aims to develop a TiO₂‐Ru‐PEG Schottky heterojunction sonosensitizer with high electron–hole separation and narrow bandgap for SDT in BC. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experiments collectively demonstrate that the bandgap of TiO₂‐Ru‐PEG is reduced due to the Schottky heterojunction with the characteristic of crystalline‐amorphous interface formed by the deposition of ruthenium (Ru) within the shell layer of TiO₂. Thanks to the enhancement of oxygen adsorption and the efficient separation of electron–hole pairs, TiO₂‐Ru‐PEG promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound (US) irradiation, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of bladder tumor cells. The in vivo results prove that TiO₂‐Ru‐PEG boosted the subcutaneous and orthotopic bladder tumor models while exhibiting good safety. This study adopts the ruthenium complex for optimizing sonosensitizers, contributing to the progress of SDT improvement strategies and presenting a paradigm for BC therapy.

Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

Materials processing

OpenAlex topics: Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics · Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials · Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally invasive surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment Guangzhou Institute of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510120 China

Orthopedics Department Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510120 China

Department of Pharmaceutics Wuya College of Innovation Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning 110016 P. R. China

Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 119074 Singapore

Nanomedicine Translational Research Program Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 117597 Singapore

Clinical Imaging Research Centre Centre for Translational Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 117599 Singapore

Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology, and Research (A*STAR) 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos Singapore 138673 Singapore

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China · National Medical Research Council · National Research Foundation · Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province · National University of Singapore

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