Recycling and Reusing of Graphite from Retired Lithium‐ion Batteries: A Review
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract The proliferation of rechargeable lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) over the past decade has led to a significant increase in the number of electric vehicles (EVs) powered by these batteries reaching the end of their lifespan. With retired EVs becoming more prevalent, recycling and reusing their components, particularly graphite, has become imperative as the world transitions toward electric mobility. Graphite constitutes ≈20% of LIBs by weight, making it a valuable resource to be conserved. This review presents an in‐depth analysis of the current global graphite mining landscape and explores potential opportunities for the “second life” of graphitefrom depleted LIBs. Various recycling and reactivation technologies in both industry and academia are discussed, along with potential applications for recycled graphite forming a vital aspect of the waste management hierarchy. Furthermore, this review addresses the future challenges faced by the recycling industry in dealing with expired LIBs, encompassing environmental, economic, legal, and regulatory considerations. In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the developments in recycling and reusing graphite from retired LIBs, offering valuable insights for forthcoming large‐scale recycling efforts.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Extraction and Separation Processes · Advancements in Battery Materials · Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Technical University of Darmstadt Otto‐Berndt‐Straße 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
EnBW Energie Baden‐Württemberg AG Durlacher Allee 93 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
Fraunhofer Research Institution for Materials Recycling and Resource Strategy (IWKS) Brentanostraße 2a 63755 Alzenau Germany
Funding
China Scholarship Council
References (100+)
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