journal article·2019-01Open access

Freestanding 3D Mesostructures, Functional Devices, and Shape‐Programmable Systems Based on Mechanically Induced Assembly with Shape Memory Polymers

Xueju Wang, Xiaogang Guo, Jilong Ye, Ning Zheng, Punit Kohli, Dongwhi Choi, Yi Zhang, Zhaoqian Xie, Qihui Zhang, Haiwen Luan, Kewang Nan, Bong Hoon Kim, Yameng Xu, Xiwei Shan, Wubin Bai, Rujie Sun, Zizheng Wang, Hokyung Jang, Fan Zhang, Yinji Ma, Zheng Xu, Xue Feng, Tao Xie, Yonggang Huang, Yihui Zhang, John A. Rogers

Advanced Materials· Volume 31· Issue 2

Abstract

Abstract Capabilities for controlled formation of sophisticated 3D micro/nanostructures in advanced materials have foundational implications across a broad range of fields. Recently developed methods use stress release in prestrained elastomeric substrates as a driving force for assembling 3D structures and functional microdevices from 2D precursors. A limitation of this approach is that releasing these structures from their substrate returns them to their original 2D layouts due to the elastic recovery of the constituent materials. Here, a concept in which shape memory polymers serve as a means to achieve freestanding 3D architectures from the same basic approach is introduced, with demonstrated ability to realize lateral dimensions, characteristic feature sizes, and thicknesses as small as ≈500, 10, and 5 µm simultaneously, and the potential to scale to much larger or smaller dimensions. Wireless electronic devices illustrate the capacity to integrate other materials and functional components into these 3D frameworks. Quantitative mechanics modeling and experimental measurements illustrate not only shape fixation but also capabilities that allow for structure recovery and shape programmability, as a form of 4D structural control. These ideas provide opportunities in fields ranging from micro‐electromechanical systems and microrobotics, to smart intravascular stents, tissue scaffolds, and many others.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Materials and Mechanics · Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials · Polymer composites and self-healing

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Simpson Querrey Institute and Feinberg Medical School Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Missouri–Columbia Columbia MO 65211 USA

Center for Mechanics and Materials Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China

Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA

Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyung Hee University Yongin 17104 South Korea

Department of Biomedical Biological and Chemical Engineering University of Missouri–Columbia Columbia MO 65211 USA

Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering Mechanical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA

Department of Materials Science and Engineering Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA

Bristol Composites Institute (ACCIS) University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TR UK

The State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing and Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China

Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering Mechanical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA

Department of Materials Science and Engineering Biomedical Engineering, Neurological Surgery, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA

Funding

U.S. Department of Energy · National Natural Science Foundation of China · Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology · National Science Foundation · Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

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