Investigation on Dielectric Permittivity of PVDF/BaTiO ₃ Nanocomposites Materials by Response Surface Methodology

It is well known that the size and loading of nanoparticles affect the dielectric permittivity of nanodielectric materials. In this study, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) based nanodielectric for high energy density capacitor were prepared by mixing PVDF with barium titanate, BaTiO ₃ (BT) using ball milling process. A response surface methodology (RSM) based Box–Behnken Design (BBD) was systematically used to design and analyze the experiments. Interaction effect of independent factors such as BT size, BT volume fraction and milling time on effective dielectric permittivity was examined. The result showed the effective dielectric permittivity is sensitive to BT size and BT volume fraction. Also, RSM optimization approach was applied to generate optimum conditions corresponding to a combination of BT size of 69.92 nm, BT volume fraction of 29.95% and milling time of 44.07 min. At these conditions, the optimum dielectric response is 21.87.