DataVXAdvanced Functional MaterialsPaper
journal article·2026-03Open access

Electrochemical Formation of BiVO 4 /BiPO 4 Photoanodes for Enhanced Selectivity toward H 2 O 2 Generation

Kaijian Zhu, Xinyi Zhang, Lan Wen, Hongjiang Chen, Yudhistira Tirtayasri Amrillah, Vivi Fauzia, Hongzhen Dong, Shaoqiang Su, Wenjun Luo, Ferry Anggoro Ardy Nugroho, Patrick H.‐L. Sit, Yun Hau Ng, Fatwa F. Abdi

Advanced Functional Materials· Volume 36· Issue 21
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Source abstract

Abstract

Abstract Two‐electron water oxidation to generate H 2 O 2 is a promising alternative to oxygen evolution in solar water splitting, as it enhances reaction kinetics and improves its economic competitiveness. However, competition with oxygen evolution remains challenging due to its higher thermodynamic potential. Several materials with preference for two‐electron oxidation are identified, but finding ones with enhanced selectivity toward H 2 O 2 production remains critical. Here, we systematically investigate and control the surface transformation from BiVO 4 to BiVO 4 /BiPO 4 photoanode via external bias in potassium phosphate. Varying BiPO 4 on the surface via bias duration, we find increased faradaic efficiency (FE) for H 2 O 2 production with higher surface transformation. By combining density functional theory calculations with experimental results, we find that both BiVO 4 and BiPO 4 exhibit a stronger FE dependence on HCO 3 − concentration compare to OH − . Particularly, the HCO 3 − adsorption energy on BiPO 4 is stronger than that on BiVO 4 , leading to a higher local concentration and likely explaining the enhanced FE observed. This work identifies BiPO 4 , not previously explored in two‐electron water oxidation, as a promising catalyst. More generally beyond BiPO 4 , this study demonstrates that HCO 3 − adsorption plays a more critical role than OH − and should be prioritized in the design of materials for H 2 O 2 production.
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Research context

Catalysis & surfaces

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques · Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors · Catalytic Processes in Materials Science

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 999077 China

Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518057 China

Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

Eco‐materials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC) National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

Institute for Advanced Materials South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China

Institute for Advanced Sustainable Materials Research and Technology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

Chemical Engineering Program Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia

Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

Funding

Direktorat Riset and Pengembangan, Universitas Indonesia · University Grants Committee

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