The zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic: lights and shadows of a new material
Source abstract
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties, composition and surface preparation for adhesive bonding of the recently introduced zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) glass-ceramic. One single block of ZLS was used to prepare the specimens (n=14). The fracture toughness (Ft) and the Vickers hardness (HV) were measured on specimens partially crystallized (PCs) (n=4) and fully crystallized (FCs) at 840°C for 8 min (n=4). The surface treatment was done using hydrofluoric-acid gel (HF) at different concentrations and times of action on FCs specimens (n=4). SEM-EDX was used to test elemental composition and crystalline phases (n=2). The new ZLS glass-ceramic showed significantly higher values of HV and Ft for FCs, PCs showed a brittle behavior. The surface etching should be made using HF at 4.9% for 20 s.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Dental materials and restorations · Advanced ceramic materials synthesis · Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara
Dental Technician Laboratory Romeo Pascetta
References (53)
Show source-provided references
1. 1) Zarone F, Russo S, Sorrentino R. From porcelain-fused-tometal to zirconia: clinical and experimental considerations. Dent Mater 2011; 27: 83-96.10.1016/j.dental.2010.10.024 ↗
2. 2) Sailer I, Fehér A, Filser F, Gauckler LJ, Lüthy H, Hämmerle CH. Five-year clinical results of zirconia frameworks for posterior fixed partial dentures. Int J Prosthodont 2007; 20: 383-388.
3. 3) Guess PC, Schultheis S, Bonfante EA, Coelho PG, Ferencz JL, Silva NR. All-ceramic systems: Laboratory and clinical performance. Dent Clin North Am 2011; 55: 333-352.10.1016/j.cden.2011.01.005 ↗
4. 4) Pjetursson BE, Sailer I, Zwahlen M, Hämmerle CH. A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of all-ceramic and metal-ceramic reconstructions after an observation period of at least 3 years. Part I: Single crowns. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007; 18: 73-85.10.1111/j.1600-0501.2007.01467.x ↗
5. 5) Guazzato MPK, Sara G, Swain MV. Strength, reliability, and mode of fracture of bilayered porcelain/core ceramic. Int J Prosthodont 2004; 17: 142-149.
6. 6) Sailer I, Makarov NA, Thoma DS, Zwahlen M, Pjetursson BE. All-ceramic or metal-ceramic tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs)? A systematic review of the survival and complication rates. Part I: Single crowns (SCs). Dent Mater 2015; 31: 603-623.10.1016/j.dental.2015.02.011 ↗
7. 7) Bachhav VC, Aras MA. Zirconia-based fixed partial dentures: a clinical review. Quintessence Int 2011; 42:173-182.
8. 8) Zhang Y. Making yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia translucent. Dent Mater 2014; 30: 1195-1203.10.1016/j.dental.2014.08.375 ↗
9. 9) Stevenson B, Ibbetson R. The effect of the substructure on the colour of samples/restorations veneered with ceramic: a literature review. J Dent 2010; 38: 361-368.10.1016/j.jdent.2010.01.009 ↗
10. 10) Traini T, Gherlone E, Parabita SF, Caputi S, Piattelli A. Fracture toughness and hardness of a Y-TZP dental ceramic after mechanical surface treatments. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 18: 707-714.10.1007/s00784-013-1018-z ↗
11. 11) Traini T, Sorrentino R, Gherlone E, Perfetti F, Bollero P, Zarone F. Fracture strength of zirconia and alumina ceramic crowns supported by implants. J Oral Implantol 2015; 41: 352-359.10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-13-00142 ↗
12. 12) Gherlone E, Mandelli F, Capparè P, Pantaleo G, Traini T, Ferrini F. A 3 years retrospective study of survival for zirconia-based single crowns fabricated from intraoral digital impressions. J Dent 2014; 42: 1151-1155.10.1016/j.jdent.2014.06.002 ↗
13. 13) Larsson C, Wennerberg A. The clinical success of zirconiabased crowns: a systematic review. Int J Prosthodont 2014; 27: 33-43.10.11607/ijp.3647 ↗
14. 14) Sailer I, Pjetursson BE, Zwahlen M, Hämmerle CH. A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of all-ceramic and metal-ceramic reconstructions after an observation period of at least 3 years. Part II: Fixed dental prostheses. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007; 18: 86-96.10.1111/j.1600-0501.2007.01468.x ↗
15. 15) Heintze SD, Rousson V. Survival of zirconia- and metalsupported fixed dental prostheses: a systematic review. Int J Prosthodont 2010; 23: 493-502.
16. 16) Raigrodski AJ, Hillstead MB, Meng GK, Chung KH. Survival and complications of zirconia-based fixed dental prostheses: a systematic review. J Prosthet Dent 2012; 107: 170-177.10.1016/S0022-3913(12)60051-1 ↗
17. 17) Ma L, Guess PC, Zhang Y. Load bearing properties of minimal-invasive monolithic lithium disilicate and zirconia occlusal onlays: Finite element and theoretical analyses. Dent Mater 2013; 29: 742-751.10.1016/j.dental.2013.04.004 ↗
18. 18) Raptis NV, Michalakis KX, Hirayama H. Optical behavior of current ceramic systems. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2006; 26: 31-41.
19. 19) Silva NR, Thompson VP, Valverde GB, Coelho PG, Powers JM, Farah JW, Esquivel-Upshaw J. Comparative reliability analyses of zirconium oxide and lithium disilicate restorations in vitro and in vivo. J Am Dent Assoc 2011; 142: 4-9.10.14219/jada.archive.2011.0336 ↗
20. 20) Silva NR, Bonfante EA, Martins LM, Valverde GB, Thompson VP, Ferencz JL, Coelho PG. Reliability of reduced-thickness and thinly veneered lithium disilicate crowns. J Dent Res 2012; 91: 305-310.10.1177/0022034511433504 ↗
21. 21) Carvalho AO, Bruzi G, Giannini M, Magne P. Fatigue resistance of CAD/CAM complete crowns with a simplified cementation process. J Prosthet Dent 2014; 111: 310-317.10.1016/j.prosdent.2013.09.020 ↗
22. 22) Della Bona A, Kelly JR. The clinical success of all-ceramic restorations. J Am Dent Assoc 2008; 139: 8S-13S.10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0361 ↗
23. 23) Reich S, Endres L, Weber C, Wiedhahn K, Neumann P, Schneider O, Rafai N, Wolfart S. Three-unit CAD/CAM generated lithium disilicate FDPs after a mean observation time of 46 months. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 18: 2171-2178.10.1007/s00784-014-1191-8 ↗
24. 24) Chitmongkolsuk S, Heydecke G, Stappert C, Strub JR. Fracture strength of all-ceramic lithium disilicate and porcelain-fused-to-metal bridges for molar replacement after dynamic loading. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2002; 10: 15-22.
25. 25) Fasbinder DJ, Dennison JB, Heys D, Neiva G. A clinical evaluation of chairside lithium disilicate CAD/CAM crowns: a two-year report. J Am Dent Assoc 2010; 141: 10S-4S.10.14219/jada.archive.2010.0355 ↗
26. 26) Reich S, Fischer S, Sobotta B, Klapper HU, Gozdowski S. A preliminary study on the short-term efficacy of chairside computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing- generated posterior lithium disilicate crowns. Int J Prosthodont 2010; 23: 214-216.
27. 27) Etman MK, Woolford MJ. Three-year clinical evaluation of two ceramic crown systems: a preliminary study. J Prosthet Dent 2010; 103: 80-90.10.1016/S0022-3913(10)60010-8 ↗
28. 28) Fabbri G, Zarone F, Dellificorelli G, Cannistraro G, De Lorenzi M, Mosca A, Sorrentino R. Clinical evaluation of 860 anterior and posterior lithium disilicate restorations: Retrospective study with a mean follow-up of 3 years and a maximum observational period of 6 years. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2014; 34: 165-177.10.11607/prd.1769 ↗
29. 29) Gehrt M, Wolfart S, Rafai N, Reich S, Edelhoff D. Clinical results of lithium-disilicate crowns after up to 9 years of service. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 17: 275-284.10.1007/s00784-012-0700-x ↗
30. 30) VITA SUPRINITY®, Technical and scientific documentation, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany, 2014.
31. 31) Bindl A, Luthy H, Mormann WH. Strength and fracture pattern of monolithic CAD/CAM-generated posterior crowns. Dent Mater 2006; 22: 29-36.10.1016/j.dental.2005.02.007 ↗
32. 32) Shackelford JF. Introduction to materials science for engineers. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2005.
33. 33) Palmqvist S. Energy causing cracks at corners of Vickers indentations as measure of toughness of hard metals. Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen 1962; 33: 629-634.10.1002/srin.196203379 ↗
34. 34) Guazzato M, Albakry M, Ringer SP, Swain MV. Strength, fracture toughness and microstructure of a selection of all ceramic materials. Part II. Zirconia-based dental ceramics. Dent Mater 2004; 20: 449-456.10.1016/j.dental.2003.05.002 ↗
35. 35) Gorman CM, Horgan K, Dollard RP, Stanton KT. Effects of repeated processing on the strength and microstructure of a heat-pressed dental ceramic. J Prosthet Dent 2014; 112: 1370-1376.10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.06.015 ↗
36. 36) Coldea A, Swain MV, Thiel N. In-vitro strength degradation of dental ceramics and novel PICN material by sharp indentation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2013; 26: 34-42.10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.05.004 ↗
37. 37) Garrido MÁ, Giráldez I, Ceballos L, Rodríguez J. On the possibility of estimating the fracture toughness of enamel. Dent Mater 2014; 30: 1224-1233.10.1016/j.dental.2014.08.364 ↗
38. 38) Waltimo A, Nystrom M, Kononen M. Bite force and dentofacial morphology in men with severe dental attrition. Scand J Dent Res 1994; 102: 92-96.
39. 39) Li RW, Chow TW, Matinlinna JP. Ceramic dental biomaterials and CAD/CAM technology: State of the art. J Prosthodont Res 2014; 58: 208-216.10.1016/j.jpor.2014.07.003 ↗
40. 40) Soderholm KJ. Review of the fracture toughness approach. Dent Mater 2010; 26: e63-77.10.1016/j.dental.2009.11.151 ↗
41. 41) Leonardi A, Furgiuele F, Syngellakis S, Wood RJK. Analytical approaches to stress intensity factor evaluation for indentation cracks. J Am Ceram Soc 2009; 92: 1093-1097.10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03070.x ↗
42. 42) Oh WS, Zhang NZ, Anusavice KJ. Effect of heat treatment on fracture toughness K(IC) and microstructure of a fluorcanasite-based glass-ceramic. J Prosthodont 2007; 16: 439-444.10.1111/j.1532-849X.2007.00233.x ↗
43. 43) Bhat M, Kaur B, Kumar R, Bamzai KK, Kotru PN, Wanklyn BM. Effect of ion irradiation on dielectric and mechanical characteristics of ErFeO3 single crystals. Nucl Instr Meth Phys Res B 2005; 234: 494-508.10.1016/j.nimb.2005.01.119 ↗
44. 44) Quinn JB, Sundar V, Lloyd IK. Influence of microstructure and chemistry on the fracture toughness of dental ceramics. Dent Mater 2003; 19: 603-611.10.1016/S0109-5641(03)00002-2 ↗
45. 45) Tang X, Nakamura T, Usami H, Wakabayashi K, Yatani H. Effects of multiple firings on the mechanical properties and microstructure of veneering ceramics for zirconia frameworks. J Dent 2012; 40: 372-380.10.1016/j.jdent.2012.01.014 ↗
46. 46) Yoshimura HN, Gonzaga CC, Cesar PF, Miranda Jr WG. Relationship between elastic and mechanical properties of dental ceramics and their index of brittleness. Ceram Int 2012; 38: 4715-4722.10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.02.056 ↗
47. 47) Swain MV. Toughening mechanisms for ceramics. Mater Forum 1989; 13: 237-353.10.1016/B978-0-08-034341-9.50261-8 ↗
48. 48) Albakry M, Guazzato M, Swain MV. Influence of hot pressing on the microstructure and fracture toughness of two pressable dental glass-ceramics. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2004; 71: 99-107.10.1002/jbm.b.30066 ↗
49. 49) Krüger S, Deubener J, Ritzberger C, Höland W. Nucleation kinetics of lithium metasilicate in ZrO2-bearing lithium disilicate glasses for dental application. Int J Appl Glass Sci 2013; 4: 9-19.10.1111/ijag.12011 ↗
50. 50) Stangel I, Nathanson D, Hsu CS. Shear strength of the composite bond to etched porcelain. J Dent Res 1987; 66 : 1460-1465.10.1177/00220345870660091001 ↗
51. 51) Guler AU, Yilmaz F, Yenisey M, Güler E, Ural C. Effect of acid etching time and a self-etching adhesive on the shear bond strength of composite resin to porcelain. J Adhes Dent 2006; 8 : 21-25.
52. 52) Yen TW, Blackman RB, Baez RJ. Effect of acid etching on the flexural strength of a feldspathic porcelain and a castable glass ceramic. J Prosthet Dent 1993; 70: 224-233.10.1016/0022-3913(93)90056-T ↗
53. 53) Sorensen JA, Engelman MJ, Torres TJ, Avera SP. Shear bond strength of composite resin to porcelain. Int J Prosthodont 1991; 4: 17-23.