Evaluation of the mechanical behavior of bulk-fill and conventional flowable resin composites using dynamic micro-indentation
Source abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the mechanical behavior of commercially available bulk-fill and conventional flowable resin composites using the dynamic micro-indentation method. The effect of inorganic filler content on mechanical properties was also assessed. Weight percentages of the inorganic filler in the resin composite were measured using the ashing technique. The results showed that dynamic hardness and elastic modulus tended to increase with inorganic filler content. Furthermore, the differences in mechanical properties between top and bottom surfaces were less pronounced in bulk-fill flowable resin composites compared with conventional flowable resin composites. In conclusion, the mechanical properties of bulk-fill flowable resin composites are affected by filler content. Moreover, bulk-fill flowable resin composites have a higher polymerization depth than conventional flowable resin composites when sample thickness is 4 mm.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Dental materials and restorations · Advanced materials and composites · Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
References (37)
Show source-provided references
1. 1) Ferracane JL. Resin composite —state of the art. Dent Mater 2011; 27: 29-38.10.1016/j.dental.2010.10.020 ↗
2. 2) Shinkai K, Taira Y, Suzuki S, Kawashima S, Suzuki M. Effect of filler size and filler loading on wear of experimental flowable resin composites. J Appl Oral Sci 2018; 26: 1-7.10.1590/1678-7757-2016-0652 ↗
3. 3) Ilie N, Hickel R. Investigations on mechanical behaviour of dental composites. Clin Oral Investig 2009; 13: 427-438.10.1007/s00784-009-0258-4 ↗
4. 4) Rizzante FAP, Mondelli RFL, Furuse AY, Borges AFS, Mendonça G, Ishikiriama SK. Shrinkage stress and elastic modulus assessment of bulk-fill composites. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 27: 1-9.10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0132 ↗
5. 5) Dietschi D, Monasevic M, Krejci I, Davidson C. Marginal and internal adaptation of class II restorations after immediate or delayed composite placement. J Dent 2002; 30: 259-269.10.1016/S0300-5712(02)00041-6 ↗
6. 6) Sartori N, Knezevic A, Peruchi LD, Phark JH, Duarte S Jr. Effects of light attenuation through dental tissues on cure depth of composite resins. Acta Stomatol Croat 2019; 53: 95-105.10.15644/asc53/2/1 ↗
7. 7) Yap AUJ, Pandya M, Toh WS. Depth of cure of contemporary bulk-fill resin-based composites. Dent Mater J 2016; 35: 503-510.10.4012/dmj.2015-402 ↗
8. 8) Fronza BM, Ayres APA, Pacheco RR, Rueggeberg FA, Dias CTS, Giannini M. Characterization of inorganic filler content, mechanical properties, and light transmission of bulk-fill resin composites. Oper Dent 2017; 42: 445-455.10.2341/16-024-L ↗
9. 9) Finan L, Palin WM, Moskwa N, McGinley EL, Fleming GJP. The influence of irradiation potential on the degree of conversion and mechanical properties of two bulk-fill flowable RBC base materials. Dent Mater 2013; 29: 906-912.10.1016/j.dental.2013.05.008 ↗
10. 10) van Ende A, de Munck J, Lise DP, van Meerbeek B. Bulk-fill composites: A review of the current literature. J Adhes Dent 2017; 19: 95-109.
11. 11) Chesterman J, Jowett A, Gallacher A, Nixon P. Bulk-fill resin-based composite restorative materials: A review. Br Dent J 2017; 222: 337-344.10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.214 ↗
12. 12) De Albuquerque Jassé FF, De Oliveira Barud HG, Boaventura JMC, De Melo Alencar C, Gatti A, De Campos EA. Bulk-fill versus conventional composite: a comparative analysis on degree of conversion. Eur J Gen Dent 2019; 8: 36-40.10.4103/ejgd.ejgd_14_19 ↗
13. 13) Kato M, Iwata T. Influence of holding at high temperatures and heat cycles on Young’s modulus and hardness of thermal barrier coatings measured by nano-indenter. J FGMs 2019; 33: 28-36.
14. 14) Hirayama S, Iwai H, Tanimoto Y. Mechanical evaluation of five flowable resin composites by the dynamic micro-indentation method. J Dent Biomech 2014; 5: 1-8.10.1177/1758736014533983 ↗
15. 15) Nagai M, Tanimoto Y, Inami T, Yamaguchi M, Nishiyama N, Kasai K. Effects of indentation load on the mechanical behavior of orthodontic wire alloys by dynamic micro-indentation method. Int J Oral-Med Sci 2013; 12: 41-48.10.5466/ijoms.12.41 ↗
16. 16) Suwannaroop P, Chaijareenont P, Koottathape N, Takahashi H, Arksornnukit M. In vitro wear resistance, hardness and elastic modulus of artificial denture teeth. Dent Mater J 2011; 30: 461-468.10.4012/dmj.2010-200 ↗
17. 17) Sato M, Fujishima A, Shibata Y, Miyazaki T, Inoue M. Nanoindentation tests to assess polymerization of resin-based luting cement. Dent Mater 2014; 30: 1021-1028.10.1016/j.dental.2014.05.034 ↗
18. 18) Tanimoto Y, Nagakura M. Effects of polishing on surface roughness and hardness of glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene. Dent Mater J 2018; 37: 1017-1022.10.4012/dmj.2018-012 ↗
19. 19) Imai H, Koizumi H, Kodaira A, Okamura K, Akahane S, Matsumura H. Properties of indirect composites polymerized with laboratory light-emitting diode units. J Oral Sci 2019; 61: 178-183.10.2334/josnusd.18-0147 ↗
20. 20) Pfeifer CS. Polymer-based direct filling materials. Dent Clin North Am 2017; 61: 733-750.10.1016/j.cden.2017.06.002 ↗
21. 21) Kitasako Y, Sadr A, Burrow MF, Tagami J. Thirty-six month clinical evaluation of a highly filled flowable composite for direct posterior restorations. Aust Dent J 2016; 61: 366-373.10.1111/adj.12387 ↗
22. 22) Lassila L, Säilynoja E, Prinssi R, Vallittu P, Garoushi S. Characterization of a new fiber-reinforced flowable composite. Odontology 2019; 107: 342-352.10.1007/s10266-018-0405-y ↗
23. 23) Cidreira Boaro LC, Pereira Lopes D, de Souza ASC, Lie Nakano E, Ayala Perez MD, Pfeifer CS, et al. Clinical performance and chemical-physical properties of bulk fill composites resin —a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Mater 2019; 35: e249-e264.10.1016/j.dental.2019.07.007 ↗
24. 24) Koytchev E, Yamaguchi S, Shin-No Y, Suzaki N, Okamoto M, Imazato S, et al. Comprehensive micro-mechanical characterization of experimental direct core build-up resin composites with different amounts of filler contents. Dent Mater J 2019; 38: 743-749.10.4012/dmj.2018-190 ↗
25. 25) Krüger J, Maletz R, Ottl P, Warkentin M. In vitro aging behavior of dental composites considering the influence of filler content, storage media and incubation time. PLoS One 2018; 13: 1-19.10.1371/journal.pone.0195160 ↗
26. 26) Chen MH. Update on dental nanocomposites. J Dent Res 2010; 89: 549-560.10.1177/0022034510363765 ↗
27. 27) Tanimoto Y, Hirayama S, Yamaguchi M, Nishiwaki T. Static and dynamic moduli of posterior dental resin composites under compressive loading. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2011; 4: 1531-1539.10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.05.024 ↗
28. 28) Kim KH, Ong JL, Okuno O. The effect of filler loading and morphology on the mechanical properties of contemporary composites. J Prosthet Dent 2002; 87: 642-649.10.1067/mpr.2002.125179 ↗
29. 29) Salazar DC, Dennison J, Yaman P. Inorganic and prepolymerized filler analysis of four resin composites. Oper Dent 2013; 38: e201-e209.10.2341/12-474-L ↗
30. 30) Bowen RL. Properties of a silica-reinforced polymer for dental restorations. J Am Dent Assoc 1963; 66: 57-64.10.14219/jada.archive.1963.0010 ↗
31. 31) Sabbagh J, Ryelandt L, Bachérius L, Biebuyck JJ, Vreven J, Lambrechts P, et al. Characterization of the inorganic fraction of resin composites. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31: 1090-1101.10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01352.x ↗
32. 32) Nitta K, Nomoto R, Tsubota Y, Tsuchikawa M, Hayakawa T. Characteristics of low polymerization shrinkage flowable resin composites in newly-developed cavity base materials for bulk filling technique. Dent Mater J 2017; 36: 740-746.10.4012/dmj.2016-394 ↗
33. 33) Vaidyanathan TK, Vaidyanathan J, Arghavani D. Elastic, viscoelastic and viscoplastic contributions to compliance during deformation under stress in prosthodontic temporization materials. Acta Biomater Odontol Scand 2016; 2: 108-117.10.1080/23337931.2016.1219664 ↗
34. 34) Singh V, Misra A, Parthasarathy R, Ye Q, Park J, Spencer P. Mechanical properties of methacrylate-based model dentin adhesives: Effect of loading rate and moisture exposure. J Biomed Mater Res Part B 2013; 101: 1437-1443.10.1002/jbm.b.32963 ↗
35. 35) Ferracane JL, Greener EH. The effect of resin formulation on the degree of conversion and mechanical properties of dental restorative resins. J Biomed Mater Res 1986; 20: 121-131.10.1002/jbm.820200111 ↗
36. 36) Baroudi K, Silikas N, Watts DC. Time-dependent visco-elastic creep and recovery of flowable composites. Eur J Oral Sci 2007; 115: 517-521.10.1111/j.1600-0722.2007.00487.x ↗
37. 37) Devlin H, Cash AJ, Watts DC. Mechanical behaviour and structure of light-cured special tray materials. J Dent 1995; 23: 255-259.10.1016/0300-5712(95)91191-O ↗