journal article·2008Open access

Flexural Performance of Flowable versus Conventional Light-cured Composite Resins in a Long-term in vitro Study

Masao IRIE, Rosalina TJANDRAWINATA, Lihua E, Takashi YAMASHIRO, Kazuomi SUZUKI

Dental Materials Journal· Volume 27· Issue 2

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength, flexural modulus, modulus of resilience, and water sorption of four flowable light-cured composite resins (FCRs). Results were then compared with four conventional composite resins (CCRs) and a minifilled hybrid light-cured composite resin, which served as a control. Twenty specimens were flexural tested immediately after curing, while others were stored in water at 37 degrees C for 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, or 1 year before flexural testing. The 1-year specimens were weight-measured at designated time intervals to examine water sorption. All FCRs, except Point 4 Flowable, showed higher flexural strength values than their CCR counterparts (p < 0.05, Scheffé's test). After one-year water storage, the flexural strengths and flexural moduli of FCRs increased 1.5-fold or more when compared with the immediate condition. In most cases, the moduli of resilience of FCRs were higher than those of CCRs. In conclusion, it was found that FCR and CCR with the same brand name had very different characteristics and mechanical properties.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Dental materials and restorations · Dental Erosion and Treatment · Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (47)

Show source-provided references
1. 1) Bayne SC, Thompson JY, Swift EJ, Stamatiades P, Wilkerson M. A characterization of first-generation flowable composites. J Am Dent Assoc 1998; 129: 567-577.10.14219/jada.archive.1998.0274 ↗
2. 2) Chuang SF, Liu JK, Jin YT. Microleakage and internal voids in Class II composite restorations with flowable composite linings. Oper Dent 2001; 26: 193-200.
3. 3) Jain P, Belcher M. Microleakage of Class II resin-based composite restorations with flowable composite in the proximal box. Am J Dent 2000; 13: 235-238.
4. 4) Whitters CJ, Strang R, Brown D, Clarke RL, Curtis RV, Hatton PV, Ireland AJ, Lloyd CH, McCabe JF, Nicholson JW, Scrimgeour SN, Setcos JC, Sherriff M, van Noort R, Watts DC, Wood D. Dental materials: 1997 literature review. J Dent 1999; 27: 401-435.10.1016/S0300-5712(99)00007-X ↗
5. 5) Payne JH. The marginal seal of Class II restorations: flowable composite resin compared to injectable glass ionomer. Pediatr Dent 1999; 23: 123-130.
6. 6) Chuang SF, Liu JK, Chao CC, Liao FP, Chen YHM. Effects of flowable composite lining and operator experience on microleakage and internal voids in class II composite restorations. J Prosthet Dent 2001; 85: 177-183.10.1067/mpr.2001.113780 ↗
7. 7) Attar N, Tam LE, McComb D. Flow, strength, stiffness and radiopacity of flowable resin composites. J Can Dent Assoc 2003; 69: 516-521.
8. 8) Miguez PA, Pereira PNR, Foxton RM, Walter R, Nunes MF, Swift Jr EJ. Effects of flowable resin on bond strength and gap formation in Class I restorations. Dent Mater 2004; 20: 838-845.10.1016/j.dental.2003.10.015 ↗
9. 10.1016/S0109-5641(96)80078-910.1016/S0109-5641(96)80078-9 ↗
10. 10.1016/S0109-5641(96)80028-510.1016/S0109-5641(96)80028-5 ↗
11. 11) Anusavice KJ. Phillips' science of dental materials, 10th ed, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996, pp.52-54, 62-63, 82-83.
12. 12) Bouschlicher MR, Cobb DS, Boyer DB. Radiopacity of compomers, flowable and conventional resin composite for posterior restorations. Oper Dent 1999; 24: 20-25.
13. 13) Manhart J, Kunzelmann KH, Chen HY, Hickel R. Mechanical properties and wear behavior of light-cured packable composite resins. Dent Mater 2000; 16: 33-40.10.1016/S0109-5641(99)00082-2 ↗
14. 14) Weibull WA. Statistical distribution function of wide applicability. J Appl Mech 1951; 18: 293-297.10.1115/1.4010337 ↗
15. 15) McCabe JF, Carrick TE. A statistical approach to the mechanical testing of dental materials. Dent Mater 1986; 2: 139-142.10.1016/S0109-5641(86)80021-5 ↗
16. 16) Nery S, McCabe JF, Wassell RW. A comparative study of three dental adhesives. J Dent 1995; 23: 55-61.10.1016/0300-5712(95)90661-Z ↗
17. 17) Cesar PF, Miranda Junior WG, Braga RR. Influence of shade and storage time on the flexural strength, flexural modulus and hardness of composites used for indirect restorations. J Prosthet Dent 2001; 86: 289-296.10.1067/mpr.2001.114513 ↗
18. 18) Nomoto R, Carrick TE, McCabe JF. Suitability of a shear punch test for dental restorative materials. Dent Mater 2001; 17: 415-421.10.1016/S0109-5641(00)00101-9 ↗
19. 10.1016/S0109-5641(01)00002-110.1016/S0109-5641(01)00002-1 ↗
20. 20) Reinhardt JW, Boyer DB, Stephens NH. Effects of secondary curing on indirect posterior composite resins. Oper Dent 1994; 19: 217-220.
21. 21) Peutzfeldt A, Asmussen E. Modulus of resilience as predictor for clinical wear of restorative resins. Dent Mater 1992; 8: 146-148.10.1016/0109-5641(92)90071-J ↗
22. IRIE M · 1998 · 17 · 7710.4012/dmj.17.77 ↗
23. 1993 · 9 · 325
24. 24) Huang C, Tay FR, Cheung GSP, Kei LH, Wei SHY, Pashley DH. Hygroscopic expansion of a compomer and a composite on artificial gap reduction. J Dent 2002; 30: 11-19.10.1016/S0300-5712(01)00053-7 ↗
25. 25) Estafan D, Estafan A, Leinfelder KF. Cavity wall adaptation of resin-based composites lined with flowable composites. Am J Dent 2000; 13: 192-194.
26. 26) EN 24049 European Standard: Dentistry; Resin-based filling materials (ISO 4049: 1988 + Technical corrigendum 1: 1992). Beuth Verlag Berlin, 1997.
27. 27) Bruning JL, Kintz BL. Computational handbook of statistics, 2nd ed, Scott, Foresman and Company, Illinois, 1977, pp.10-13, 24-27, 122-124, 171-174, 240-241, 252-253, 263-265.
28. 28) Soderholm KJ. Degradation of glass fiber in experimental composites. J Dent Res 1981; 60: 1867-1875.10.1177/00220345810600110701 ↗
29. 29) Soderholm KJ, Zigan M, Ragan M, Fischlschweiger W, Bergman M. Hydrolytic degradation of dental composite resin. J Dent Res 1984; 63: 1248-1254.10.1177/00220345840630101701 ↗
30. 30) Pillar RM, Smith DC, Maric B. Fracture toughness of dental composites determined using short-rod fracture toughness test. J Dent Res 1986; 65: 1308-1314.10.1177/00220345860650110501 ↗
31. 31) Ferracane JL, Marker VA. Solvent degradation and reduced frature toughness in aged composites. J Dent Res 1992; 71: 13-19.10.1177/00220345920710010101 ↗
32. 32) Calais JG. Soderholm KJM. Influence of filler type and water exposure on flexural strength of experimental composites. J Dent Res 1988; 67: 836-840.10.1177/00220345880670050801 ↗
33. 10.1016/0109-5641(95)80034-410.1016/0109-5641(95)80034-4 ↗
34. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(19981205)42:3<465::AID-JBM17>3.3.CO;2-T10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(19981205)42:3<465::AID-JBM17>3.3.CO;2-T ↗
35. ARKSORNNUKIT M · 2004 · 23 · 3110.4012/dmj.23.31 ↗
36. 36) Yap AUJ, Chandra SP, Chung SM, Lim CT. Changes in flexural properties of composite restoratives after aging in water. Oper Dent 2002; 27: 468-474.
37. 37) Kemp-Scholte CM, Davidson CL. Complete marginal seal of Class V resin composite restorations effected by increased flexibility. J Dent Res 1990; 69: 1240-1243.10.1177/00220345900690060301 ↗
38. 10.1016/S0109-5641(99)00022-610.1016/S0109-5641(99)00022-6 ↗
39. 39) Ferdianakis K. Microleakage reduction from newer esthetic restorative materials in permanent molars. J Clin Pediatr Dent 1998; 23: 221-229
40. 40) Irie M, Hatanaka K, Suzuki K, Watts DC. Immediate versus water-storage performance of Class V flowable composite restoratives. Dent Mater 2006; 22: 875-883.10.1016/j.dental.2006.06.001 ↗
41. 41) Söderholm KJ. Influence of silane treatment and filler fraction on thermal expansion of composite resins. J Dent Res 1984; 63: 1321-1326.10.1177/00220345840630111401 ↗
42. 10.1016/0109-5641(89)90077-810.1016/0109-5641(89)90077-8 ↗
43. 43) Cattanni-Lorente MA, Dupuis V, Moya F, Payan J, Meyer JM. Comparative study of the physical properties of a polyacid-modified composite resin and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Dent Mater 1999; 15: 21-32.10.1016/S0109-5641(99)00010-X ↗
44. 44) Glasspoole EA, Ericson RL, Davidson CL. A fluoride-releasing composite for dental applications. Dent Mater 2001; 17: 127-133.10.1016/S0109-5641(00)00051-8 ↗
45. 10.1016/S0142-9612(97)00131-210.1016/S0142-9612(97)00131-2 ↗
46. 46) Bonilla ED, Yashar M, Caputo AA. Fracture toughness of nine flowable resin composites. J Prosthet Dent 2003; 89: 261-267.10.1067/mpr.2003.33 ↗
47. 47) Knobloch LA, Kerby RE, Seghi R, Berlin JS, Clelland N. Fracture toughness of packable and conventional composite materials. J Prosthet Dent 2002; 88: 307-313.10.1067/mpr.2002.128069 ↗