journal article·2026-05

An Ant‐Inspired Dielectric Elastomer Soft Robot With Unequal Biaxial Pre‐Stretching for Fast Locomotion and Versatile Applications

He Yu, Changyunkun Xiao, Tianyi Duan, Yuqing Yang, Youngkee Shin, Kunpeng Li, Eunseong Kim, Namyoung Kim, Yang Li

Advanced Functional Materials· Volume 36· Issue 41
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Soft robots have gained growing interest in medical and exploration fields due to their inherent flexibility, biocompatibility and environmental adaptability. Nevertheless, conventional dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA)‐driven designs suffer from limited deformation, insufficient locomotion efficiency and poor modular reconfigurability. To address these challenges, we propose a car‐shaped soft robot based on dielectric elastomer minimum energy structures (DEMES) with unequal biaxial pre‐stretching, which improves the initial deflection angle (151°) and blocking force (43 mN) of the actuators. Drawing inspiration from the coordinated muscular movements of ants, the robot features a modular architecture that allows rapid integration of interchangeable ratchet wheels and grippers, endowing it with multifunctional capabilities including fast locomotion (4.6 times body lengths per second), load transportation (3.3 times its body weight), gap traversing, slope climbing (up to 13°) and object grasping (8.6 times its body weight). Additionally, an integrated multilayer perceptron (MLP) model facilitates environment‐aware modulation of movement frequency, which provides the foundation for the robot's environment‐aware adaptability. By synergistically combining high‐performance actuation, modular reconfigurability and intelligent control, this work provides a versatile and scalable strategy for next‐generation soft robots capable of addressing complex tasks in unstructured environments.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Dielectric materials and actuators · Soft Robotics and Applications · Advanced Materials and Mechanics

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Seoul South Korea

Department of Electronic Convergence Engineering Kwangwoon University Seoul South Korea

RF Bio Center Department of Electronics Engineering Kwangwoon University Seoul Republic of Korea

School of Integrated Circuits Shandong Key Laboratory of Next‐Generation Semiconductor Technology and Systems Shandong University Jinan China

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China · National Research Foundation of Korea · Ministry of Education

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