journal article·2026-06-12

Ultrahigh-Rate All-Solid-State Batteries with a Dendrite-Free LiAl Anode via Compositional and Structural Engineering

Lei Zhu, Ziqi Zhang, Dengxu Wu, Chang Xu, Weitao He, Liquan Chen, Fan Wu

ACS Energy Letters· Volume 11· Issue 6
Publisher page

Abstract

Conventional lithium-ion batteries with graphite anodes and flammable liquid electrolytes face energy density and safety limitations. All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) offer improved safety but suffer from lithium dendrite growth and interfacial instability. Here, a LiAl solid solution anode is developed via melting isothermal processing and compaction. Among the compositions tested (LiAl-1:3, LiAl-1:4, and LiAl-1:5), LiAl-1:4 delivers optimal performance. Symmetric cells achieve a critical deposition current density of 1.35 mA cm –2 and stable cycling for 800 h at 3 mA cm –2 . Full cells with LiNi 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 O 2 cathodes exhibit high-rate capability (110.4 mAh g –1 at 30C) and outstanding longevity: 89.1% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1C (8.34 mg cm –2 ), over 17 000 cycles at 20C, and 12 000 cycles at 100C (2.29 mg cm –2 ). Characterization reveals that uniform Al distribution and a porous structure suppress dendrites and stabilize interfaces, while surface Li 2 O enhances Li + transport. This work establishes design principles for high-power ASSBs via stoichiometric and microstructural optimization.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Advancements in Battery Materials · Inorganic Chemistry and Materials

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Nano Science and Technology

University of Science and Technology of China

Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies

CASOL Energy Company, Limited

Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center

Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics

Chinese Academy of Sciences

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Funding

Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology · China Three Gorges Corporation · National Natural Science Foundation of China · Chinese Academy of Sciences · Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies · Cultivation Project of Leading Innovative Experts in Changzhou City · Joint research program with Infinium, Outstanding Youth Fund Project by the Department of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province · National Overseas High-level Expert Recruitment Program · Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center

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