Evolution of Bioengineered Lung Models: Recent Advances and Challenges in Tissue Mimicry for Studying the Role of Mechanical Forces in Cell Biology
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Mechanical stretch under both physiological (breathing) and pathophysiological (ventilator‐induced) conditions is known to significantly impact all cellular compartments in the lung, thereby playing a pivotal role in lung growth, regeneration and disease development. In order to evaluate the impact of mechanical forces on the cellular level, in vitro models using lung cells on stretchable membranes have been developed. Only recently have some of these cell‐stretching devices become suitable for air–liquid interface cell cultures, which is required to adequately model physiological conditions for the alveolar epithelium. To reach this goal, a multi‐functional membrane for cell growth balancing biophysical and mechanical properties is critical to mimic (patho)physiological conditions. In this review, i) the relevance of cyclic mechanical forces in lung biology is elucidated, ii) the physiological range for the key parameters of tissue stretch in the lung is described, and iii) the currently available in vitro cell‐stretching devices are discussed. After assessing various polymers, it is concluded that natural‐synthetic copolymers are promising candidates for suitable stretchable membranes used in cell‐stretching models. This work provides guidance on future developments in biomimetic in vitro models of the lung with the potential to function as a template for other organ models (e.g., skin, vessels).
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications · Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine · 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC‐M) Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) 81377 Munich Germany
Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD) Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health 85764 Neuherberg Germany
Munich Medical Research School (MMRS) Faculty of Medicine Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University of Munich (LMU) 80336 Munich Germany
Department of Experimental Medical Sciences Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration Lund University 22100 Lund Sweden
Stem Cell Centre Lund University 22184 Lund Sweden
Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine Lund University 22100 Lund Sweden
Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University of Würzburg 97070 Würzburg Germany
Center for Comprehensive Developmental Care Dr. von Haunersches Children's Hospital University Hospital Ludwig‐Maximilians University 81377 Munich Germany
Institute for Lung Biology and Disease Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen Member of the Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC‐M) German Center for Lung Research (DZL) 81377 Munich Germany
Funding
European Respiratory Society · Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse · H2020 European Research Council · China Scholarship Council
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