Toward the Design of High‐Energy‐Density Practical Sodium Pouch Cells

Abstract Sodium batteries (SBs) are deemed to be a most promising candidate as the alternative to lithium‐ion batteries. In the past decade, the commercialization of SBs has been experiencing accelerated development. However, the relatively low energy density largely undermines their application prospects, arising an urgent demand for promoting the energy density of SBs in a practical cell configuration, such as pouch cells. In recent years, increasing works aiming at pursing high‐energy‐density sodium pouch cells have been reported, and it is necessary to summarize the related works to throw light on the strategies in this area. Here, the configuration characteristics of coin cells and pouch cells are first comparatively studied, and the key factors dictating the energy density of sodium pouch cells are extracted. Next, the promising strategies toward the design of high‐energy‐density sodium pouch cells are introduced from the perspectives of the battery materials and configuration, respectively. Finally, some other important directions in this field are proposed. This review is intended to provide a deeper insight into the design of high‐energy‐density practical sodium pouch cells.